Relationship Between Executive Function Subdomains and Postural Balance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q4 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY
Claudia Martínez-Carrasco, Fernanda Cid-Navarrete, Pedro O Rossel, Jorge Fuentes, Antonio Roberto Zamunér, Guillermo Méndez-Rebolledo, Ignacio Cabrera-Aguilera
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Executive function (EF) deficits are a significant risk factor for falls among older adults (OAs). However, relationship between EF subdomains (shifting, updating, and inhibition), postural balance (PB), and fall risk in healthy OAs, remains poorly understood.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between EF subdomains (shifting, updating, and inhibition) and PB, and to assess their impact on risk of falls in community-dwelling OAs.

Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 50 OAs aged over 60 years (average age of 72 years) was conducted. Participants underwent assessments of EF subdomains and PB using validated tests. A correlation analysis was employed to examine the relationships between EF and PB.

Results: The study revealed significant correlations between subdomains and PB. Mental set shifting (r = -.539; p < .001) and inhibition (r = -.395; p = .050) exhibited inverse relationships with PB. Stepwise multiple linear regression showed that Trail Making Test Part B was associated with the PB (R2 = .42, p < .001).

Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of assessing EF subdomains, particularly shifting and inhibition, to identify risk of falls. Trail Making Test Part B largely explains the variability of the PB. Integrating PB assessments and EF training, such as the Mini-BESTest, into routine care can be vital for fall prevention strategies. Significance/Implications: This knowledge underscores the need for cognitive training interventions focusing on shifting and inhibition to enhance PB and potentially reduce falls. Additionally, incorporation of EF assessment tools as Trail Making Test Part B and the Mini-BESTest into routine clinical practice for community-dwelling OAs is recommended to address fall prevention strategies.

居住在社区的老年人的执行功能子域与姿势平衡之间的关系。
背景:执行功能(EF)缺陷是老年人(OAs)跌倒的一个重要风险因素。然而,人们对健康 OA 的 EF 子域(移动、更新和抑制)、姿势平衡(PB)与跌倒风险之间的关系仍然知之甚少:本研究旨在调查EF子域(移动、更新和抑制)与姿势平衡之间的关系,并评估它们对社区OA跌倒风险的影响:这项横断面研究涉及 50 名 60 岁以上的老年人(平均年龄 72 岁)。参与者使用有效的测试对EF子域和PB进行了评估。研究采用了相关分析法来检验 EF 和 PB 之间的关系:研究显示,各子域与 PB 之间存在明显的相关性。心理定势转移(r = -.539; p < .001)和抑制(r = -.395; p = .050)与 PB 呈反向关系。逐步多元线性回归显示,路径制作测试 B 部分与 PB 相关(R2 = .42,p < .001):这些发现强调了评估心肺功能子域(尤其是移位和抑制)对识别跌倒风险的重要性。路径制作测试 B 部分在很大程度上解释了 PB 的可变性。将PB评估和EF训练(如迷你BESTest)纳入日常护理对预防跌倒策略至关重要。意义/影响:这一知识强调了认知训练干预的必要性,其重点是转移和抑制,以增强PB并可能减少跌倒。此外,还建议在社区居住的 OA 患者的常规临床实践中纳入 EF 评估工具,如路径制作测试 B 部分和迷你 BESTest,以实施跌倒预防策略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
6.70%
发文量
105
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Aging and Physical Activity (JAPA) is a multidisciplinary journal that publishes peer-reviewed original research reports, scholarly reviews, and professional-application articles on the relationship between physical activity and the aging process. The journal encourages the submission of articles that can contribute to an understanding of (a) the impact of physical activity on physiological, psychological, and social aspects of older adults and (b) the effect of advancing age or the aging process on physical activity among older adults. In addition to publishing research reports and reviews, JAPA publishes articles that examine the development, implementation, and evaluation of physical activity programs among older adults. Articles from the biological, behavioral, and social sciences, as well as from fields such as medicine, clinical psychology, physical and recreational therapy, health, physical education, and recreation, are appropriate for the journal. Studies using animal models do not fit within our mission statement and should be submitted elsewhere.
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