Effects of Calcium and Magnesium Ion Ratios in Natural and Drinking Water on the Vitality of Test Organisms

Abstract

Mineral exchange is a crucial factor for all functions within the organisms of living beings. Chemical elements are integral components of cellular structures, organs, and tissues, as well as the blood and lymph. Together with water, they maintain osmotic pressure, support acid–base balance, and participate in various metabolic reactions within the body. Calcium and magnesium ions are also involved in metabolic interactions. The absorption of calcium by the organism requires magnesium, with magnesium reserves being drawn from various organs and tissues. Therefore, the ratio of calcium-to-magnesium ion concentrations in water is of significant importance. In this study, the results of a chronic experiment demonstrated that desalinated water, devoid of macroelements, affected the vitality of the organisms, even when the test crustaceans were fed. According to experimental data, the maximum survival duration of the experimental group of crustaceans was observed in a water environment with a calcium-to-magnesium ion ratio of 4 : 1. Given the nontoxicity of the water environment, it can be concluded that at such a ratio of these elements, metabolic processes within the organism operate optimally, thereby prolonging the lifespan of the test organisms.