Eco-friendly flame-retardant based on sap from banana plant pseudostems

IF 2 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Monique Vital de Lima, Ana Lucia de Souza Ventapane, Simone Pereira da Silva Ribeiro, Alexandre Landesmann
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Abstract

Society's need for safe flame-retardant technologies in passive fire protection is undeniable. To address this concern, this paper presents an experimental investigation of the fire-retardant properties of slash pine wood treated with banana plant pseudostem sap, obtained from a cultivated banana plant variety widely grown in Brazil. The natural sap extract was characterized through X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometry and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy techniques, revealing the presence of key components, including water, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, sodium silicate, calcium phosphate, sodium phosphate, lignin and tannins. The authors explored different treatment parameters, including various sap impregnation times, number of impregnations and use of natural versus various levels of concentrated sap. First, a horizontal burning test, similar test to UL 94 HB, was used to obtain an initial assessment of the suitability of sap as a flame retardant for slash pine wood. Subsequently, the Mass Loss Calorimeter equipment with thermopile attachment described in ISO 13927:2015 was used to measure various heat release rate parameters. The findings suggest that reducing the water content in sap and increasing the number of repeat treatments results in a more effective treatment for slash pine wood. More specifically, the results indicate that the most efficient treatment involves three impregnations with high-concentration (1/10 volume reduction) sap. Future work to improve the efficacy of the concentrated sap impregnation process could explore the use of pressure treatment instead of soaking.

基于香蕉假茎汁液的环保型阻燃剂
在被动防火领域,社会对安全阻燃技术的需求是毋庸置疑的。为了解决这一问题,本文对用香蕉假茎汁液处理过的斜伐松木的阻燃性能进行了实验研究,香蕉假茎汁液取自巴西广泛种植的香蕉栽培品种。作者通过 X 射线荧光光谱法和傅立叶变换红外光谱技术对天然树液提取物进行了表征,发现其中存在的主要成分包括水、氯化钾、氯化钠、硅酸钠、磷酸钙、磷酸钠、木质素和单宁酸。作者探索了不同的处理参数,包括不同的树液浸渍时间、浸渍次数以及天然树液和不同浓度树液的使用。首先,采用了与 UL 94 HB 类似的水平燃烧测试,对树液作为斜纹松木阻燃剂的适用性进行了初步评估。随后,使用 ISO 13927:2015 中描述的带有热电堆附件的质量损失热量计设备来测量各种热释放率参数。研究结果表明,降低树液中的含水量并增加重复处理的次数可以更有效地处理斜纹松木。更具体地说,结果表明,最有效的处理方法是用高浓度(体积减少 1/10)树液浸渍三次。为提高浓缩树液浸渍工艺的效果,未来的工作可以探索使用压力处理代替浸泡。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Fire and Materials
Fire and Materials 工程技术-材料科学:综合
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
5.30%
发文量
72
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Fire and Materials is an international journal for scientific and technological communications directed at the fire properties of materials and the products into which they are made. This covers all aspects of the polymer field and the end uses where polymers find application; the important developments in the fields of natural products - wood and cellulosics; non-polymeric materials - metals and ceramics; as well as the chemistry and industrial applications of fire retardant chemicals. Contributions will be particularly welcomed on heat release; properties of combustion products - smoke opacity, toxicity and corrosivity; modelling and testing.
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