Effect of Bismuth on Microstructure and Properties of Ductile Iron

IF 2.6 3区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING
S. Boonmee, W. Waenthongkham, K. Worakhut
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Abstract

This study explores the effect of bismuth on ductile iron to enhance its mechanical properties and to prevent the formation of chunky graphite. Various heats of ductile iron were produced with varying bismuth (0.000–0.010 wt%Bi). Microscopic examinations, Brinell hardness tests, and tension tests were conducted to characterize the samples. The results indicate that Bi influences the microstructure, nodule count, hardness, and tensile strength of the ductile iron, with optimal amount of Bi (0.005–0.007 wt%Bi) depending on section thickness. Bi prevented the carbide formation and increased the nodule count, leading to improved mechanical properties. In addition, the study demonstrated that Ce/Bi values of 1.29–1.60 were corresponding levels that showed optimal microstructure and properties. Thermal analysis demonstrated the inoculation effect of Bi addition by shifting TElow and TEhigh toward the stable eutectic temperature. Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA) results showed that Bi oxide and sulfide were found at the graphite cores as heterogeneous nucleation sites during solidification.

Abstract Image

铋对球墨铸铁微观结构和性能的影响
本研究探讨了铋对球墨铸铁的影响,以提高其机械性能并防止形成块状石墨。使用不同的铋(0.000-0.010 wt%铋)生产了不同加热温度的球墨铸铁。对样品进行了显微镜检查、布氏硬度测试和拉力测试,以确定其特性。结果表明,铋会影响球墨铸铁的微观结构、结核数量、硬度和抗拉强度,最佳铋含量(0.005-0.007 wt%Bi)取决于截面厚度。Bi 阻止了碳化物的形成并增加了结核数量,从而改善了机械性能。此外,研究还表明,Ce/Bi 值为 1.29-1.60 的相应水平可显示出最佳的微观结构和性能。热分析表明,加入 Bi 后,TElow 和 TEhigh 向稳定共晶温度移动,从而产生了接种效应。电子探针显微分析(EPMA)结果表明,在凝固过程中,氧化 Bi 和硫化物作为异质成核点出现在石墨芯上。
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来源期刊
International Journal of Metalcasting
International Journal of Metalcasting 工程技术-冶金工程
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
42.30%
发文量
174
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Metalcasting is dedicated to leading the transfer of research and technology for the global metalcasting industry. The quarterly publication keeps the latest developments in metalcasting research and technology in front of the scientific leaders in our global industry throughout the year. All papers published in the the journal are approved after a rigorous peer review process. The editorial peer review board represents three international metalcasting groups: academia (metalcasting professors), science and research (personnel from national labs, research and scientific institutions), and industry (leading technical personnel from metalcasting facilities).
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