Production of betalains in plant cell and organ cultures: a review

IF 2.3 3区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy, Kadanthottu Sebastian Joseph, Kee Yoeup Paek, So-Young Park
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Abstract

Betalains are nitrogen-containing natural pigments that are water soluble and they comprise of the red-violet betacyanin and the yellow betaxanthin which are abundant in plants such as red/yellow beet, amaranth, prickly pear, pitaya, and others. They are widely used as food coloring agents for many centuries. Betalains are used in pharmaceuticals, functional foods, and cosmeceuticals, since they have tremendous potential to scavenge free radicals and prevent diseases, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, cancer, neurological disorders, and vascular stenosis. Betalains are proven to be toxicologically safe and have health benefits, they have been approved as food additives in the United States of America, and European countries. Although betalains can be found in natural resources, there are differences in their composition, amounts, and seasonality. For this reason, researchers have developed alternative methods of producing these valuable compounds using cell and organ culture techniques. In several plants, cell and organ cultures are established, and bioreactor technologies have been used to produce betalains on a wide scale. In this review, we discuss the varied biotechnological methods and approaches applied for the biosynthesis of betalains including metabolic engineering approaches.

Abstract Image

植物细胞和器官培养物中甜菜苷的生产:综述
甜菜红素是一种含氮的天然色素,可溶于水,由紫红色的甜菜红素和黄色的甜菜黄素组成,在红/黄色甜菜、苋菜、刺梨、番木瓜等植物中含量丰富。几个世纪以来,它们被广泛用作食品着色剂。由于甜菜红素具有清除自由基和预防疾病(如高血压、血脂异常、癌症、神经系统疾病和血管狭窄)的巨大潜力,因此被用于制药、功能性食品和药用化妆品中。经证实,甜菜碱在毒理学上是安全的,而且对健康有益,美国和欧洲国家已批准将其作为食品添加剂。虽然可以在自然资源中发现甜菜碱,但其成分、含量和季节性存在差异。因此,研究人员开发了利用细胞和器官培养技术生产这些宝贵化合物的替代方法。在几种植物中建立了细胞和器官培养物,生物反应器技术已被广泛用于生产桦木烷。在本综述中,我们将讨论应用于甜菜素生物合成的各种生物技术方法和途径,包括代谢工程方法。
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来源期刊
Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture
Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 生物-生物工程与应用微生物
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
13.30%
发文量
203
审稿时长
3.3 months
期刊介绍: This journal highlights the myriad breakthrough technologies and discoveries in plant biology and biotechnology. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC: Journal of Plant Biotechnology) details high-throughput analysis of gene function and expression, gene silencing and overexpression analyses, RNAi, siRNA, and miRNA studies, and much more. It examines the transcriptional and/or translational events involved in gene regulation as well as those molecular controls involved in morphogenesis of plant cells and tissues. The journal also covers practical and applied plant biotechnology, including regeneration, organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis, gene transfer, gene flow, secondary metabolites, metabolic engineering, and impact of transgene(s) dissemination into managed and unmanaged plant systems.
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