Anti-infective immune functions of type IV interferon in grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella): A novel antibacterial and antiviral interferon in lower vertebrates.

IF 4 1区 生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY
Yuchen Liu, Wentao Zhu, Yanqi Zhang, Jingjing Zhang, Maolin Lv, Jianguo Su
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Abstract

Type IV interferon (IFN-υ) is a recently discovered cytokine crucial for host defense against viral infections. However, the role and mechanisms of IFN-υ in bacterial infections remain unexplored. This study investigated the antibacterial and antiviral functions and mechanisms of grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella) IFN-υ (CiIFN-υ) both in vivo and in vitro. The CiIFN-υ gene was first identified and characterized in grass carp. Subsequently, the immune expression of CiIFN-υ significantly increased following bacterial challenge, indicating its response to bacterial infections. The eukaryotic recombinant expression plasmid of CiIFN-υ was then constructed and transfected into fathead minnow (FHM) cells. Supernatants were collected and incubated with four bacterial strains, followed by plate spreading and colony counting. Results indicated that CiIFN-υ exhibited more potent antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria compared to gram-positive bacteria and aggregated gram-negative bacteria but not gram-positive bacteria. In vivo experiments further confirmed the antibacterial function, showing high survival rates, low tissue edema and damage, reduced tissue bacterial load, and elevated proinflammatory response at the early stages of bacterial infection. In addition, the antiviral function of CiIFN-υ was confirmed through in vitro and in vivo experiments, including crystal violet staining, survival rates, tissue viral burden, and RT-qPCR. This study highlights the antibacterial function and preliminary mechanism of IFN-υ, demonstrating that IFN-υ possesses dual functions against bacterial and viral infections.

草鱼 IV 型干扰素的抗感染免疫功能:低等脊椎动物中一种新型抗菌和抗病毒干扰素
IV 型干扰素(IFN-υ)是最近发现的一种细胞因子,对宿主抵御病毒感染至关重要。然而,IFN-υ 在细菌感染中的作用和机制仍有待探索。本研究在体内和体外研究了草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)IFN-υ(CiIFN-υ)的抗菌和抗病毒功能及机制。CiIFN-υ 基因最早是在草鱼中发现并定性的。随后,CiIFN-υ 的免疫表达在细菌挑战后显著增加,表明其对细菌感染的反应。随后,我们构建了 CiIFN-υ 的真核重组表达质粒,并将其转染到黑头鲦鱼(FHM)细胞中。收集上清液并与四种细菌菌株培养,然后进行平板铺展和菌落计数。结果表明,CiIFN-υ 对革兰氏阴性菌的抗菌活性强于革兰氏阳性菌和聚集的革兰氏阴性菌,但不强于革兰氏阳性菌。体内实验进一步证实了其抗菌功能,在细菌感染的早期阶段显示出高存活率、低组织水肿和损伤、减少组织细菌负荷以及升高的促炎反应。此外,通过晶体紫染色、存活率、组织病毒负荷和 RT-qPCR 等体外和体内实验,也证实了 CiIFN-υ 的抗病毒功能。这项研究强调了 IFN-υ 的抗菌功能和初步机制,证明 IFN-υ 具有抗细菌和病毒感染的双重功能。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Zoological Research
Zoological Research Medicine-General Medicine
CiteScore
7.60
自引率
10.20%
发文量
1937
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: Established in 1980, Zoological Research (ZR) is a bimonthly publication produced by Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the China Zoological Society. It publishes peer-reviewed original research article/review/report/note/letter to the editor/editorial in English on Primates and Animal Models, Conservation and Utilization of Animal Resources, and Animal Diversity and Evolution.
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