Subhadeep Das, Maria Paula Zea Rojas, Elizabeth J Tran
{"title":"Novel insights on the positive correlation between sense and antisense pairs on gene expression.","authors":"Subhadeep Das, Maria Paula Zea Rojas, Elizabeth J Tran","doi":"10.1002/wrna.1864","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A considerable proportion of the eukaryotic genome undergoes transcription, leading to the generation of noncoding RNA molecules that lack protein-coding information and are not subjected to translation. These noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are well recognized to have essential roles in several biological processes. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent the most extensive category of ncRNAs found in the human genome. Much research has focused on investigating the roles of cis-acting lncRNAs in the regulation of specific target gene expression. In the majority of instances, the regulation of sense gene expression by its corresponding antisense pair occurs in a negative (discordant) manner, resulting in the suppression of the target genes. The notion that a negative correlation exists between sense and antisense pairings is, however, not universally valid. In fact, several recent studies have reported a positive relationship between corresponding cis antisense pairs within plants, budding yeast, and mammalian cancer cells. The positive (concordant) correlation between anti-sense and sense transcripts leads to an increase in the level of the sense transcript within the same genomic loci. In addition, mechanisms such as altering chromatin structure, the formation of R loops, and the recruitment of transcription factors can either enhance transcription or stabilize sense transcripts through their antisense pairs. The primary objective of this work is to provide a comprehensive understanding of both aspects of antisense regulation, specifically focusing on the positive correlation between sense and antisense transcripts in the context of eukaryotic gene expression, including its implications towards cancer progression. This article is categorized under: RNA Processing > 3' End Processing Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23886,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: RNA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: RNA","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wrna.1864","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CELL BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
A considerable proportion of the eukaryotic genome undergoes transcription, leading to the generation of noncoding RNA molecules that lack protein-coding information and are not subjected to translation. These noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are well recognized to have essential roles in several biological processes. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent the most extensive category of ncRNAs found in the human genome. Much research has focused on investigating the roles of cis-acting lncRNAs in the regulation of specific target gene expression. In the majority of instances, the regulation of sense gene expression by its corresponding antisense pair occurs in a negative (discordant) manner, resulting in the suppression of the target genes. The notion that a negative correlation exists between sense and antisense pairings is, however, not universally valid. In fact, several recent studies have reported a positive relationship between corresponding cis antisense pairs within plants, budding yeast, and mammalian cancer cells. The positive (concordant) correlation between anti-sense and sense transcripts leads to an increase in the level of the sense transcript within the same genomic loci. In addition, mechanisms such as altering chromatin structure, the formation of R loops, and the recruitment of transcription factors can either enhance transcription or stabilize sense transcripts through their antisense pairs. The primary objective of this work is to provide a comprehensive understanding of both aspects of antisense regulation, specifically focusing on the positive correlation between sense and antisense transcripts in the context of eukaryotic gene expression, including its implications towards cancer progression. This article is categorized under: RNA Processing > 3' End Processing Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs.
期刊介绍:
WIREs RNA aims to provide comprehensive, up-to-date, and coherent coverage of this interesting and growing field, providing a framework for both RNA experts and interdisciplinary researchers to not only gain perspective in areas of RNA biology, but to generate new insights and applications as well. Major topics to be covered are: RNA Structure and Dynamics; RNA Evolution and Genomics; RNA-Based Catalysis; RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules; Translation; RNA Processing; RNA Export/Localization; RNA Turnover and Surveillance; Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches; RNA in Disease and Development; and RNA Methods.