Association between longest-held occupation and mortality risk

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

American journal of industrial medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI:10.1002/ajim.23642

Abay Asfaw PhD, Anasua Bhattacharya PhD

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Occupation is associated with a large part of daily activities, affecting lifestyle and social status. However, limited research exists on the association between longest-held occupation (LHO) and early mortality. We examine if LHO is associated with mortality risk among US adults 51 years of age and older.

Methods

Using Health and Retirement Study data from 1992 to 2020, we followed 26,758 respondents 51 years of age and older for up to 29 years. We used competing-risks analysis methodology to estimate the risk of mortality.

Results

Across the average 20.5 follow-up years, women with LHO in the categories of machine operators (subhazard ratio [SHR]: 1.42), food preparation (SHR: 1.39), handlers and helpers (SHR: 1.35), and sales (SHR: 1.15), were more likely to die earlier than women with the LHO in the professional and technical support occupation, the reference occupation. Men with LHO in the categories of food preparation (SHR: 1.43), machine operators (SHR: 1.36), personal services (SHR: 1.34), handlers and helpers (SHR: 1.32), protective services (SHR: 1.31), clerical (SHR: 1.27), farming and fishing (SHR: 1.26), sales (SHR: 1.23), and precision production (SHR: 1.20) had elevated risks of mortality compared to men whose LHO was in the referent professional and technical support occupation.

Conclusions

Findings from this study provide comprehensive and current evidence that occupation can be one of the risk factors for adverse health outcomes and ultimately for early mortality.

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从事职业时间最长与死亡风险之间的关系。

背景：职业与大部分日常活动相关，影响着生活方式和社会地位。然而，关于最长从事职业（LHO）与早期死亡率之间关系的研究却很有限。我们研究了美国 51 岁及以上的成年人中，LHO 是否与死亡风险相关：我们利用 1992 年至 2020 年的健康与退休研究数据，对 26 758 名 51 岁及以上的受访者进行了长达 29 年的跟踪调查。我们采用竞争风险分析方法来估算死亡风险：在平均 20.5 年的随访期间，与从事专业和技术支持职业（参考职业）的 LHO 女性相比，从事机器操作员（次危险比 [SHR]：1.42）、食品准备（SHR：1.39）、搬运工和帮工（SHR：1.35）以及销售（SHR：1.15）职业的 LHO 女性更有可能早死。在食品准备（社会学报告：1.43）、机器操作员（社会学报告：1.36）、个人服务（社会学报告：1.34）、搬运工和帮工（社会学报告：1.32）、保护服务（社会学报告：1.31）、文秘（社会学报告：1.27）、农业和渔业（SHR：1.26）、销售（SHR：1.23）和精密生产（SHR：1.20）与 LHO 从事参考专业和技术支持职业的男性相比，死亡风险更高：这项研究的结果提供了全面和最新的证据，表明职业可能是导致不良健康后果并最终导致早期死亡的风险因素之一。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

American journal of industrial medicine 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

5.70%

发文量

108

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： American Journal of Industrial Medicine considers for publication reports of original research, review articles, instructive case reports, and analyses of policy in the fields of occupational and environmental health and safety. The Journal also accepts commentaries, book reviews and letters of comment and criticism. The goals of the journal are to advance and disseminate knowledge, promote research and foster the prevention of disease and injury. Specific topics of interest include: occupational disease; environmental disease; pesticides; cancer; occupational epidemiology; environmental epidemiology; disease surveillance systems; ergonomics; dust diseases; lead poisoning; neurotoxicology; endocrine disruptors.