Is cross-species horizontal gene transfer responsible for gallbladder carcinogenesis.

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

World Journal of Surgical Oncology Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI:10.1186/s12957-024-03492-5

Monika Rajput, Manoj Pandey, Ruhi Dixit, Vijay K Shukla

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Cross-species horizontal gene transfer (HGT) involves the transfer of genetic material between different species of organisms. In recent years, mounting evidence has emerged that cross-species HGT does take place and may play a role in the development and progression of diseases.

Methods: Transcriptomic data obtained from patients with gallbladder cancer (GBC) was assessed for the differential expression of antisense RNAs (asRNAs). The Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) was used for cross-species analysis with viral, bacterial, fungal, and ancient human genomes to elucidate the evolutionary cross species origins of these differential asRNAs. Functional enrichment analysis and text mining were conducted and a network of asRNAs targeting mRNAs was constructed to understand the function of differential asRNAs better.

Results: A total of 17 differentially expressed antisense RNAs (asRNAs) were identified in gallbladder cancer tissue compared to that of normal gallbladder. BLAST analysis of 15 of these asRNAs (AFAP1-AS1, HMGA2-AS1, MNX1-AS1, SLC2A1-AS1, BBOX1-AS1, ELFN1-AS1, TRPM2-AS, DNAH17-AS1, DCST1-AS1, VPS9D1-AS1, MIR1-1HG-AS1, HAND2-AS1, PGM5P4-AS1, PGM5P3-AS1, and MAGI2-AS) showed varying degree of similarities with bacterial and viral genomes, except for UNC5B-AS1 and SOX21-AS1, which were conserved during evolution. Two of these 15 asRNAs, (VPS9D1-AS1 and SLC2A1-AS1) exhibited a high degree of similarity with viral genomes (Chikungunya virus, Human immunodeficiency virus 1, Stealth virus 1, and Zika virus) and bacterial genomes including (Staphylococcus sp., Bradyrhizobium sp., Pasteurella multocida sp., and, Klebsiella pneumoniae sp.), indicating potential HGT during evolution.

Conclusion: The results provide novel evidence supporting the hypothesis that differentially expressed asRNAs in GBC exhibit varying sequence similarity with bacterial, viral, and ancient human genomes, indicating a potential shared evolutionary origin. These non-coding genes are enriched with methylation and were found to be associated with cancer-related pathways, including the P53 and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways, suggesting their possible involvement in tumor development.

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跨物种水平基因转移是胆囊癌变的罪魁祸首吗？

背景：跨物种水平基因转移（HGT）涉及不同物种生物之间遗传物质的转移。近年来，越来越多的证据表明，跨物种水平基因转移确实存在，并可能在疾病的发生和发展中发挥作用：方法：对胆囊癌（GBC）患者的转录组数据进行评估，以发现反义 RNA（asRNA）的差异表达。使用基本局部比对搜索工具（BLAST）与病毒、细菌、真菌和古人类基因组进行跨物种分析，以阐明这些差异asRNAs的跨物种进化起源。研究人员还进行了功能富集分析和文本挖掘，并构建了以mRNA为靶标的asRNAs网络，以更好地了解差异asRNAs的功能：结果：与正常胆囊相比，胆囊癌组织中共发现17种差异表达的反义RNA（asRNAs）。对其中 15 个反义 RNA（AFAP1-AS1、HMGA2-AS1、MNX1-AS1、SLC2A1-AS1、BBOX1-AS1、ELFN1-AS1、TRPM2-AS、DNAH17-AS1、DCST1-AS1、VPS9D1-AS1、MIR1-1HG-AS1、HAND2-AS1、PGM5P4-AS1、PGM5P3-AS1 和 MAGI2-AS）与细菌和病毒基因组有不同程度的相似性，只有 UNC5B-AS1 和 SOX21-AS1 在进化过程中保持不变。在这15个asRNA中，有两个（VPS9D1-AS1和SLC2A1-AS1）与病毒基因组（基孔肯雅病毒、人类免疫缺陷病毒1、隐形病毒1和寨卡病毒）和细菌基因组（葡萄球菌、巴西根瘤菌、多杀性巴氏杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌）具有高度相似性，表明进化过程中可能存在HGT：结论：研究结果提供了新的证据，支持这样的假设，即 GBC 中不同表达的 asRNA 与细菌、病毒和古人类基因组表现出不同的序列相似性，表明可能存在共同的进化起源。这些非编码基因富含甲基化，并被发现与癌症相关通路有关，包括P53和PI3K-AKT信号通路，表明它们可能参与了肿瘤的发展。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

World Journal of Surgical Oncology ONCOLOGY-SURGERY

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

15.60%

发文量

362

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： World Journal of Surgical Oncology publishes articles related to surgical oncology and its allied subjects, such as epidemiology, cancer research, biomarkers, prevention, pathology, radiology, cancer treatment, clinical trials, multimodality treatment and molecular biology. Emphasis is placed on original research articles. The journal also publishes significant clinical case reports, as well as balanced and timely reviews on selected topics. Oncology is a multidisciplinary super-speciality of which surgical oncology forms an integral component, especially with solid tumors. Surgical oncologists around the world are involved in research extending from detecting the mechanisms underlying the causation of cancer, to its treatment and prevention. The role of a surgical oncologist extends across the whole continuum of care. With continued developments in diagnosis and treatment, the role of a surgical oncologist is ever-changing. Hence, World Journal of Surgical Oncology aims to keep readers abreast with latest developments that will ultimately influence the work of surgical oncologists.