Anisakid parasite diversity in a pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps (Cetacea: Kogiidae) stranded at the edge of its distribution range in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean.

IF 2.3 2区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY
Parasite Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-30 DOI:10.1051/parasite/2024042
Paolo Cipriani, Marialetizia Palomba, Lucilla Giulietti, Renato Aco-Alburqueque, Roberta Andolfi, Mariel Ten Doeschate, Andrew Brownlow, Nicholas J Davison, Simonetta Mattiucci
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Abstract

Anisakid nematodes are a globally distributed group of marine mammal parasites. Kogiid whales, including the pygmy sperm whale Kogia breviceps, host an assemblage of specific anisakid species. Currently, three species are known to be specific to kogiid hosts, i.e., Skrjabinisakis paggiae, S. brevispiculata, and the less studied Pseudoterranova ceticola. The aim of this study was to investigate the species diversity of anisakid nematodes sampled from a pygmy sperm whale stranded in 2013 at the edge of its distribution range in the Northeast Atlantic, specifically in the North of Scotland. Nematodes were assigned to genus level based on morphology and identified by sequence analysis of the mtDNA cox2 gene and the rDNA ITS region. The present finding represents the first observation of syntopic occurrence of adult stages of S. brevispiculata, S. paggiae, and P. ceticola in a pygmy sperm whale in the Northeast Atlantic, and represent the northernmost record of these species in this area. Skrjabinisakis brevispiculata was the most abundant species, accounting for 55% of the identified nematodes, predominantly in the adult stage. Anisakis simplex (s.s.) was also abundant, with most specimens in the preadult stage, followed by S. paggiae and P. ceticola. The pygmy sperm whale is rarely documented in Scottish waters, and its occurrence in the area could suggest expansion of its geographic range. The presence of S. brevispiculata, S. paggiae, and P. ceticola in this whale species in this region may indicate a shift in the whole host community involved in the life cycle of these parasites in northern waters. However, it is also plausible that these parasites were acquired while the whale was feeding in more southern regions, before migrating northbound.

搁浅在大西洋东北部分布区边缘的侏儒抹香鲸 Kogia breviceps(鲸目动物:Kogiidae)体内的 Anisakid 寄生虫多样性。
Anisakid 线虫是一种分布于全球的海洋哺乳动物寄生虫。包括侏儒抹香鲸 Kogia breviceps 在内的 Kogiid 鲸寄生着一系列特定的 Anisakid 种类。目前,已知有三种寄生于 Kogiid 的特殊物种,即 Skrjabinisakis paggiae、S. brevispiculata 和研究较少的 Pseudoterranova ceticola。本研究的目的是调查 2013 年从一头搁浅在东北大西洋(尤其是苏格兰北部)侏儒抹香鲸分布区边缘的抹香鲸身上采样的线虫的物种多样性。根据形态将线虫划分为属级,并通过 mtDNA cox2 基因和 rDNA ITS 区域的序列分析进行鉴定。本发现是首次在东北大西洋的侏儒抹香鲸体内观察到 S. brevispiculata、S. paggiae 和 P. ceticola 成体阶段的同源出现,也是该地区这些物种的最北记录。Skrjabinisakis brevispiculata 是数量最多的物种,占已鉴定线虫的 55%,主要是成体阶段的线虫。单纯疟原虫的数量也很多,大多数标本处于成体前阶段,其次是 S. paggiae 和 P. ceticola。侏儒抹香鲸很少出现在苏格兰水域,在该地区出现可能表明其地理范围有所扩大。在这一地区的鲸鱼物种中出现 S.brevispiculata、S.paggiae 和 P.ceticola,可能表明北方水域中参与这些寄生虫生命周期的整个宿主群落发生了变化。不过,也有可能这些寄生虫是鲸鱼在洄游北上之前在南部地区觅食时感染的。
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来源期刊
Parasite
Parasite 医学-寄生虫学
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
6.90%
发文量
49
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Parasite is an international open-access, peer-reviewed, online journal publishing high quality papers on all aspects of human and animal parasitology. Reviews, articles and short notes may be submitted. Fields include, but are not limited to: general, medical and veterinary parasitology; morphology, including ultrastructure; parasite systematics, including entomology, acarology, helminthology and protistology, and molecular analyses; molecular biology and biochemistry; immunology of parasitic diseases; host-parasite relationships; ecology and life history of parasites; epidemiology; therapeutics; new diagnostic tools. All papers in Parasite are published in English. Manuscripts should have a broad interest and must not have been published or submitted elsewhere. No limit is imposed on the length of manuscripts, but they should be concisely written. Papers of limited interest such as case reports, epidemiological studies in punctual areas, isolated new geographical records, and systematic descriptions of single species will generally not be accepted, but might be considered if the authors succeed in demonstrating their interest.
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