The complete plastid genome of Abrus pulchellus subsp. mollis (Leguminosae): a medicinal plant in Southern China.

Abstract

The subspecies Abrus pulchellus subsp. mollis exhibits pharmacological properties akin to the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Abri Herba (A. pulchellus subsp. cantoniensis (Hance) Verdc.). In this report, we unveil the plastid genome of A. pulchellus subsp. mollis. The genome spans 156,322 base pairs (bp), comprising a large single-copy (LSC) region of 86,633 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,219 bp, and two distinct inverted repeat regions (IRs) of 25,735 bp each. Annotation process cataloged a total of 111 genes within this genome, including 77 protein-coding genes, 30 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and four ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. The overall guanine-cytosine (GC) content of the plastome is 35.5%. Phylogenetic analysis utilizing maximum-likelihood (ML) based on 16 complete plastid genomes reveals a close clustering of three Abrus taxa, namely A. pulchellus subsp. mollis, A. pulchellus subsp. cantoniensis, and A. precatorius. Notably, A. pulchellus subsp. cantoniensis clusters with A. precatorius as a sister group, distinct from A. pulchellus subsp. mollis. These findings highlight significant differences between the plastid genomes of the two subspecies, laying the foundation for future research on the identification of medicinal herbs and germplasm resources related to these subspecies.