The relationship between digit ratio (2D:4D) and intelligence levels in specific learning disorders

IF 2.2 3区医学 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

Early human development Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2024.106085

Pınar AYDOĞAN AVŞAR , Tayfun KARA , Orhan KOCAMAN , Merve AKKUŞ

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Higher prenatal testosterone exposure regulates brain development and affects learning and intelligence directly. The digit ratio (2D:4D) is regarded as an indicator of prenatal testosterone exposure. This study aims to investigate the 2D:4D ratios and intelligence levels in individuals with specific learning disorders (SLD) and compare the ratios with healthy subjects.

Methods

The study included a total of 117 patients diagnosed with SLD and 67 healthy controls. We measured the 2D:4D ratios and administered the Wechsler-Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised to assess intelligence quotient (IQ) scores in the SLD group. Sociodemographic data was obtained for both patients and healthy subjects and compared in both groups, as well as 2D:4D ratios.

Results

Compared to healthy controls, both-hand 2D:4D ratios were found to be lower in the SLD group. In addition, male and female participants with SLD showed lower 2D:4D ratios in both hands than controls. The total scores on the WISC-R were found to decrease as the right-hand 2D:4D ratios and the age increased in the SLD group.

Conclusion

Our findings add to the literature examining the influence of prenatal testosterone exposure on learning and intelligence in the SLD sample. Further research in this domain may yield valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms and potential clinical implications for the management of SLDs examining additional variables that could potentially impact alongside the impact of sex hormones on brain development.

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特殊学习障碍患者的数位比率（2d:4d）与智力水平之间的关系

背景较高的产前睾酮暴露可调节大脑发育并直接影响学习和智力。数位比（2D:4D）被认为是产前睾酮暴露的一个指标。本研究旨在调查特殊学习障碍（SLD）患者的 2D:4D 比例和智力水平，并将其与健康人进行比较。我们测量了特殊学习障碍组的 2D:4D 比例，并使用韦氏儿童智力量表（Wechsler-Intelligence Scale-Revised）评估智商（IQ）。结果发现，与健康对照组相比，SLD 组的双手 2D:4D 比率较低。此外，患有 SLD 的男性和女性参与者的双手 2D:4D 比率均低于对照组。我们的发现为研究产前睾酮暴露对 SLD 样本的学习和智力影响的文献增添了新的内容。在这一领域的进一步研究可能会对潜在的机制产生有价值的见解，并对 SLDs 的管理产生潜在的临床影响，研究可能会对性激素对大脑发育的影响产生潜在影响的其他变量。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Early human development 医学-妇产科学

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

4.00%

发文量

100

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： Established as an authoritative, highly cited voice on early human development, Early Human Development provides a unique opportunity for researchers and clinicians to bridge the communication gap between disciplines. Creating a forum for the productive exchange of ideas concerning early human growth and development, the journal publishes original research and clinical papers with particular emphasis on the continuum between fetal life and the perinatal period; aspects of postnatal growth influenced by early events; and the safeguarding of the quality of human survival. The first comprehensive and interdisciplinary journal in this area of growing importance, Early Human Development offers pertinent contributions to the following subject areas: Fetology; perinatology; pediatrics; growth and development; obstetrics; reproduction and fertility; epidemiology; behavioural sciences; nutrition and metabolism; teratology; neurology; brain biology; developmental psychology and screening.