A comprehensive review on utilizing CRISPR/Cas system for microbiome modification

IF 3.7 3区生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI:10.1016/j.bej.2024.109443

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The recent advancements in biotechnology, particularly the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas system inspired by bacterial defense mechanisms, have ushered in a new phase in gene editing. This system is now widely used for a range of purposes, including the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of various diseases such as genetic conditions, cancer, infectious diseases, and issues related to antibiotic resistance. A particularly notable area of application is the alteration of the human gut microbiota, an essential and complex microbial ecosystem crucial for health. Imbalances in this system referred to as dysbiosis, are associated with several health issues, including heart disease, mental health disorders, and cancer. Therefore, the potential of manipulating microbiota for health benefits is significant. In accordance with this, recent research underscores the influence of modifying specific gut microbiota on the progression of diseases, notably in fields like oncology and inflammation. The current paper examines the impact of CRISPR technology in altering microbiota with the goal of exploiting its capabilities to improve human health. This exploration aims to move beyond theoretical research, applying CRISPR's sophisticated functions to complex and practical health scenarios with the ultimate objective of improving health outcomes.

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关于利用 CRISPR/Cas 系统改造微生物组的全面综述

生物技术的最新进展，特别是受细菌防御机制启发而开发的聚类规则间隔短回文重复序列（CRISPR）/Cas 系统，开创了基因编辑的新阶段。该系统目前已被广泛应用于各种用途，包括诊断、治疗和预防各种疾病，如遗传病、癌症、传染病以及与抗生素耐药性有关的问题。一个特别值得注意的应用领域是改变人体肠道微生物群，这是一个对健康至关重要的复杂微生物生态系统。这一系统的失衡被称为菌群失调，与多种健康问题有关，包括心脏病、精神疾病和癌症。因此，操纵微生物群来促进健康的潜力是巨大的。据此，最近的研究强调了改变特定肠道微生物群对疾病进展的影响，尤其是在肿瘤学和炎症等领域。本文探讨了 CRISPR 技术在改变微生物群方面的影响，目的是利用其能力改善人类健康。这一探索旨在超越理论研究，将 CRISPR 的复杂功能应用于复杂而实际的健康场景，最终目的是改善健康状况。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Biochemical Engineering Journal 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

7.10

自引率

5.10%

发文量

380

审稿时长

34 days

期刊介绍： The Biochemical Engineering Journal aims to promote progress in the crucial chemical engineering aspects of the development of biological processes associated with everything from raw materials preparation to product recovery relevant to industries as diverse as medical/healthcare, industrial biotechnology, and environmental biotechnology. The Journal welcomes full length original research papers, short communications, and review papers* in the following research fields: Biocatalysis (enzyme or microbial) and biotransformations, including immobilized biocatalyst preparation and kinetics Biosensors and Biodevices including biofabrication and novel fuel cell development Bioseparations including scale-up and protein refolding/renaturation Environmental Bioengineering including bioconversion, bioremediation, and microbial fuel cells Bioreactor Systems including characterization, optimization and scale-up Bioresources and Biorefinery Engineering including biomass conversion, biofuels, bioenergy, and optimization Industrial Biotechnology including specialty chemicals, platform chemicals and neutraceuticals Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering including bioartificial organs, cell encapsulation, and controlled release Cell Culture Engineering (plant, animal or insect cells) including viral vectors, monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, vaccines, and secondary metabolites Cell Therapies and Stem Cells including pluripotent, mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cells; immunotherapies; tissue-specific differentiation; and cryopreservation Metabolic Engineering, Systems and Synthetic Biology including OMICS, bioinformatics, in silico biology, and metabolic flux analysis Protein Engineering including enzyme engineering and directed evolution.