{"title":"Tricuspid Regurgitation Stratification Predicts the Time Course of Systemic Right Ventricle Dysfunction Among Patients on ACE-I/ARB","authors":"Kohsaku Goto MD, PhD , Katsura Soma MD, PhD , Hiroyuki Tokiwa MD, PhD , Masahiko Umei MD, PhD , Akihito Saito MD, PhD , Katsuhito Fujiu MD, PhD , Ryo Inuzuka MD, PhD , Yasutaka Hirata MD, PhD , Norihiko Takeda MD, PhD , Atsushi Yao MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.cjcpc.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Progressive systemic right ventricle (sRV) dysfunction is a significant challenge in adult congenital heart disease. Current guidelines do not specify effective heart failure medications for patients with sRV; however, previous studies have relied on semiquantitative assessments. The advancement of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging as the gold-standard modality offers quantitatively accurate assessments even for complex cardiac anomalies. Therefore, we aimed to investigate prognostic factors associated with sRV dysfunction in patients on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACE-I/ARB), using CMR-derived quantitative values.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 17 adult patients with sRV treated with ACE-I/ARB and performed logistic regression analysis, with the primary outcome defined as sRV ejection fraction (sRVEF) deterioration.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over an average follow-up period of 68.7 months, sRVEF deterioration occurred in 3 patients (17%). Logistic regression analysis identified tricuspid regurgitation (TR) as a potential independent prognostic factor for the primary outcome (odds ratio = 1.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-1.31). Furthermore, patients with mild TR (TR fraction ≤15%; N = 12) experienced improvements in sRVEF between the initial and last CMR assessments (from 49.1% ± 8.4% to 56.7% ± 8.0%, <em>P</em> = 0.0029), with increased stroke volume from 68.2 ± 18.6 to 79.5 ± 17.2 mL (<em>P</em> = 0.0029). In contrast, these changes were not observed in patients with moderate or severe TR (TR fraction >16%) (N = 5).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our CMR-based evaluation highlights the potential utility of TR stratification in predicting the changes in sRVEF among patients with sRV on ACE-I/ARB. Future randomized controlled trials that consider TR severity are required to elucidate the significance of ACE-I/ARB therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100249,"journal":{"name":"CJC Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"CJC Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772812924000745","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Background
Progressive systemic right ventricle (sRV) dysfunction is a significant challenge in adult congenital heart disease. Current guidelines do not specify effective heart failure medications for patients with sRV; however, previous studies have relied on semiquantitative assessments. The advancement of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging as the gold-standard modality offers quantitatively accurate assessments even for complex cardiac anomalies. Therefore, we aimed to investigate prognostic factors associated with sRV dysfunction in patients on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACE-I/ARB), using CMR-derived quantitative values.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 17 adult patients with sRV treated with ACE-I/ARB and performed logistic regression analysis, with the primary outcome defined as sRV ejection fraction (sRVEF) deterioration.
Results
Over an average follow-up period of 68.7 months, sRVEF deterioration occurred in 3 patients (17%). Logistic regression analysis identified tricuspid regurgitation (TR) as a potential independent prognostic factor for the primary outcome (odds ratio = 1.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-1.31). Furthermore, patients with mild TR (TR fraction ≤15%; N = 12) experienced improvements in sRVEF between the initial and last CMR assessments (from 49.1% ± 8.4% to 56.7% ± 8.0%, P = 0.0029), with increased stroke volume from 68.2 ± 18.6 to 79.5 ± 17.2 mL (P = 0.0029). In contrast, these changes were not observed in patients with moderate or severe TR (TR fraction >16%) (N = 5).
Conclusions
Our CMR-based evaluation highlights the potential utility of TR stratification in predicting the changes in sRVEF among patients with sRV on ACE-I/ARB. Future randomized controlled trials that consider TR severity are required to elucidate the significance of ACE-I/ARB therapy.
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