Differences in Clinical outcomes between Non-Obese Hispanic and Asian populations Who have Hyperlipidemia

Abstract

Background/Synopsis

Hyperlipidemia (HLD) is a metabolic disease that is closely linked with ethnicity. There is limited data on its outcomes in different racial groups. Treating HLD will reduce the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Objective/Purpose

The purpose of this study is to compare differences in clinical outcomes in non-obese Hispanic and Asian populations with HLD.

Methods

Conducted as an observational study, it utilized data from the National Inpatient Sample from 2017 to 2020 focusing on non-obese adults over 18 years, with a BMI <30 kg/m², and HLD diagnosis, excluding those under 18, obese or without HLD. Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest, GIB, mechanical ventilation, LOS, and total cost. Multivariable logistic and Poisson regression analyses determined the clinical outcomes, considering a p-value <0.05 significant.

Results

Among 31,300,000 non-obese adults with HLD, 71.4% were Caucasians, 8.2% were Hispanics, 2.9% were Asians, and the remaining population belonged to other ethnicities. This study revealed higher rates in the Asians for conditions like anemia, DKA, HTN, pHTN, Afib, ACS, STEMI, AKI, stroke, and severe sepsis. Hispanics were seen to have a higher incidence of DM, HF, PVD, CKD, PE, and COPD. In terms of the primary outcome, Asians had more in-hospital mortality than the Hispanics but the results were not statistically significant. Asians were higher than the Hispanics in terms of the secondary outcomes in all aspects as seen in Table 1.

Conclusions

The findings undermine the importance of racial differences in such conditions and more in-depth studies are needed to extrapolate the gaps in care. Also, Asian population has been seen to have worse outcomes compared to all the major ethnical groups.