Energetic sustainability in the Amazon region: Exploring impacts, environmental solutions, and rebound effect analysis

Abstract

The Amazon, a vital global ecosystem, renowned for biodiversity and climate regulation, faces unprecedented challenges due to escalating non-renewable energy consumption. This article sheds light on climate change's implications, exploring the intricate interplay in Amazon sustainability. The focus is on comprehending the impacts and exploring potential solutions to mitigate adverse effects. The research spans from 2002 to 2022, covering countries such as Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela, and Ecuador. This broad geographic and temporal scope provides valuable insights into the dynamic changes occurring in the Amazon region over the years. Employing a robust methodological approach, double log regression analysis is utilized as a powerful tool for a precise examination of the complex relationships between energy consumption, environmental preservation, and sustainable development. The study incorporates various estimators, including Non-Renewable Energy (EnR), Forest Area (FA), Forest Income (FI), Endangered Mammals (EM), Endangered Birds (EB), Endangered Fish (EF), Endangered Plants (EP), Freshwater Capitation (FC), Greenhouse Gases (GHG), Socioeconomic Factors (SF), Water Availability (WA). This comprehensive list enhances clarity and transparency, ensuring a thorough understanding of the research methods. The study uncovers the wide-ranging impact of growing non-renewable energy demand on Amazon biodiversity, forests, and species vulnerability, driven by direct rebound effects. It highlights both the backfire and super conservation effects, emphasizing the need for strategic, holistic approaches to energy and environmental management. Navigating this balance, the research informs decisions for a sustainable Amazon future, fostering awareness and inspiring action toward environmental stewardship and global conservation.