Factors Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Elderly Individuals: A Re-evaluation of Systematic Reviews

Abstract

Objective This study aims to re-evaluate systematic reviews on factors associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in community-dwelling elderly individuals to inform prevention and intervention strategies in community settings. Methods Comprehensive searches were conducted across multiple databases, including CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP Journal Integration Platform, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, to identify systematic reviews on factors contributing to MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals. Dual reviewers screened the literature, and the methodological quality was assessed using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR 2). Relevant factors were summarized and analyzed. Results Eleven systematic reviews were included in the analysis. Of these, two were classified as high quality, two as low quality, and the remaining seven as very low quality. Protective factors against MCI included the consumption of tea, fish, and shellfish, physical exercise, and social participation. Risk factors encompassed a history of chronic diseases, depression, sleep disorders, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Conclusion The methodological quality of systematic reviews on factors associated with MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals is generally low. MCI is closely linked to various aspects of physiological health, psychological health, dietary nutrition, and lifestyle behaviors. It is crucial to focus on high-risk groups, particularly the elderly and females, as well as individuals experiencing subjective cognitive decline, and conduct psychological screenings and assessments of dietary quality. These factors may serve as early indicators for MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals.