Relationship between calcium-to-magnesium ratio and malaria parasite density among children with uncomplicated malaria infection

African health sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI:10.4314/ahs.v24i2.18

Oziegbe Johnson Airen, Loveth Amenaghawon Emokpae, Zainab Omoruyi, Mathias Abiodun Emokpae

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Abstract

Background/Objective: A high calcium-to-magnesium ratio above 2:1 has been associated with higher risk of metabolic, inflammation and cardiovascular disorders. This study evaluates the serum levels of iron, magnesium, calcium, folate, vitamin B12 and calcium to magnesium ratio in children with uncomplicated malaria infection. Materials and Methods: Measured nutritional parameters were determined in 300 children (100 males and 100 females) with malaria infection and 100 children (50 males and 50 females) without malaria infection using Enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay and spectrophotometric methods. Results: Significantly lower (p<0.001) levels of serum magnesium, iron, vitamin B12, folate and Packed cell volume (p<0.03) were observed among children with malaria than controls. On the other hand, serum calcium (8.45±0.20) and calcium-to-magnesium ratio (3.9:1.0) (were significantly higher (p<0.001) in malaria infected children than controls. Calcium to magnesium ratio correlated (r=0.188; p<0.01) with malaria parasitaemia. Conclusion: Higher serum calcium-to-magnesium ratio above the recommended 2.1 may contribute to increase risk of morbidity and mortality. Nutritional intervention aimed at lowering the ca/mg ratio may be essential in the management of malaria infection in Children. Keywords: Child; calcium; magnesium; parasites.

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无并发症疟疾感染儿童的钙镁比值与疟原虫密度之间的关系

背景/目的：钙镁比高于 2:1 会增加患代谢、炎症和心血管疾病的风险。本研究评估了无并发症疟疾感染儿童血清中铁、镁、钙、叶酸、维生素 B12 的水平以及钙镁比值。材料和方法：使用酶联免疫吸附试验和分光光度法测定 300 名感染疟疾的儿童（100 名男性和 100 名女性）和 100 名未感染疟疾的儿童（50 名男性和 50 名女性）的营养参数。结果显示与对照组相比，疟疾患儿的血清镁、铁、维生素 B12、叶酸和包细胞容积水平明显较低（p<0.001）。另一方面，疟疾感染儿童的血清钙（8.45±0.20）和钙镁比（3.9:1.0）明显高于对照组（P<0.001）。钙镁比值与疟疾寄生虫血症相关（r=0.188；p<0.01）。结论血清钙镁比高于建议的 2.1，可能会增加发病和死亡风险。旨在降低钙镁比值的营养干预可能是治疗儿童疟疾感染的关键。关键词儿童；钙；镁；寄生虫。

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African health sciences

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