Extracellular vesicles the delivery of drugs through genetic engineering

Abstract

Researchers from a variety of disciplines are investigating the use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as delivery vehicles for pharmaceutical solutions. In order to make the most of the therapeutic potential of EVs, various loading strategies have been devised. Despite the widespread application of exogenous methods, endogenous approaches are becoming increasingly preferred instead. Medicinal macro molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids can be loaded with relative ease using this technology that manipulates parental cells through genetic engineering. We examine the most effective ways for EV loading and demonstrate why endogenous is superior. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are able to transport pharmaceuticals, have the potential to tackle the problems of biologic therapeutic stability and off-target undesirable effects. In addition, we investigate the most recent findings and applications of this innovative method in order to shed light on the numerous potential therapeutic possibilities in the field of EV-based treatments. The possibility of endogenous loading of EVs with big biological medicines has been brought to light by recent research. In order to optimize the loading of biologic drugs in extracellular vesicles (EVs), researchers have been able to apply cargo selection and loading pathway molecules thanks to advancements in EV biogenesis. It has been established that endogenous EV loading is successful in preclinical in vivo trials, which demonstrates its promise in a variety of therapeutic situations.