Age, sedimentology, and deformational history of the Mesozoic Franciscan accretionary complex, Angel Island, California, USA

IF 3.9 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Meghomita Das, Owen Anfinson, Christie Rowe, Nicolas Schroeder
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The Franciscan Complex represents the forearc accretionary wedge that formed during late Mesozoic−Cenozoic subduction in California, USA, and preserves detailed records of long-lived subduction and exhumation of high-pressure, low-temperature rocks. As one of the world’s largest exposed subduction complexes, it records the evolution of subduction dynamics that correspond to the tectonic development of the western USA. Lithotectonic units within the Franciscan Complex represent different stages, mechanisms, and depths of accretion in the subduction history. Previous authors have proposed subdivisions for the Franciscan Complex, but as the metasedimentary units are very similar over large spatial and temporal scales, they have been difficult to map except on the broadest scales. This restricts the potential for researchers to characterize past tectonic events and subduction/exhumation mechanisms. Angel Island in the San Francisco Bay has previously been mapped as an undivided blueschist-facies metasedimentary unit thrust over lower-grade metasediments along the Quarry Point thrust, but we find that the Angel Island units include lithologic and metamorphic diversity spanning nearly the entire range of variability for the Franciscan Complex. We present new mapping, lithologic descriptions, and detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology to propose a new lithostratigraphy for Angel Island consisting of seven structurally juxtaposed units ranging from sub-metamorphic to low blueschist. The structurally highest and structurally lowest units are sub-blueschist grade, and the center of the fault-bounded stack consists of blueschist-grade metasediments separated by a thin sliver of sodic-amphibole metabasalt. The blueschist units and structurally higher sub-blueschist−grade units have maximum depositional ages of ca. 108−110 Ma, which is consistent with similar grade units from across the Bay Area, and they match well with respect to lithology and metamorphic grade. The structurally lowest units below the Quarry Point thrust have similar provenance but younger maximum depositional ages of ca. 97 Ma. These units have been suggested by previous authors to be affiliated with either Alcatraz or Marin Headlands rocks, which have similar depositional ages but show much more diversity in detrital zircon age spectra, which makes their association debatable. These results offer the first high-resolution detrital zircon U-Pb geochronologic dataset from the Franciscan Complex that allows definition of the diversity of age and provenance within a previously defined regional unit, which should be considered in future work attempting regional correlations with regional sample distribution.
美国加利福尼亚州天使岛中生代弗朗西斯坎增生复合体的年龄、沉积学和变形史
弗朗西斯坎复合体代表了美国加利福尼亚州中生代晚期-新生代俯冲过程中形成的弧前增生楔,保留了高压、低温岩石长期俯冲和排挤的详细记录。作为世界上最大的裸露俯冲复合体之一,它记录了与美国西部构造发展相对应的俯冲动力学演化过程。弗朗西斯科岩群中的岩石构造单元代表了俯冲历史中不同的增生阶段、机制和深度。以前的作者曾提出过对弗朗西斯坎岩群进行细分的建议,但由于在大的空间和时间尺度上,碎屑岩单元非常相似,因此除了最宽的尺度外,很难对它们进行测绘。这限制了研究人员描述过去构造事件和俯冲/挤压机制的潜力。旧金山湾的天使岛以前被绘制为一个未分割的蓝晶-岩性变质岩单元,推覆在沿 Quarry Point 推覆的低品位变质岩之上,但我们发现天使岛单元包含的岩性和变质岩多样性几乎涵盖了整个弗朗西斯坎复合体的变异范围。我们展示了新的测绘、岩性描述和锆英石U-Pb地质年代,为天使岛提出了一种新的岩相地层学,包括七个在构造上并列的单元,从亚变质岩到低蓝晶岩。构造最高和构造最低的单元都是亚蓝晶岩级别,以断层为界的叠层中心由蓝晶岩级别的玄武岩组成,中间被薄薄的钠镁辉绿岩玄武岩分隔。蓝屑岩单元和构造上较高的亚蓝屑岩级单元的最大沉积年龄约为 108-110 Ma,这与整个湾区的同类级别单元一致,而且它们在岩性和变质级别方面也非常吻合。Quarry Point 推力之下构造最低的单元具有类似的成因,但最大沉积年龄较小,约为 97 Ma。前人认为这些单元隶属于恶魔岛岩石或马林岬岩石,它们具有相似的沉积年龄,但在非晶锆石年龄谱上显示出更大的多样性,因此它们之间的联系值得商榷。这些结果首次提供了弗朗西斯坎岩群的高分辨率碎屑锆石 U-Pb 地球地质年代数据集,从而可以定义以前定义的区域单元内的年龄和产地的多样性,在未来尝试与区域样本分布进行区域关联的工作中应考虑到这一点。
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来源期刊
Geological Society of America Bulletin
Geological Society of America Bulletin 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
9.30
自引率
8.20%
发文量
159
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The GSA Bulletin is the Society''s premier scholarly journal, published continuously since 1890. Its first editor was William John (WJ) McGee, who was responsible for establishing much of its original style and format. Fully refereed, each bimonthly issue includes 16-20 papers focusing on the most definitive, timely, and classic-style research in all earth-science disciplines. The Bulletin welcomes most contributions that are data-rich, mature studies of broad interest (i.e., of interest to more than one sub-discipline of earth science) and of lasting, archival quality. These include (but are not limited to) studies related to tectonics, structural geology, geochemistry, geophysics, hydrogeology, marine geology, paleoclimatology, planetary geology, quaternary geology/geomorphology, sedimentary geology, stratigraphy, and volcanology. The journal is committed to further developing both the scope of its content and its international profile so that it publishes the most current earth science research that will be of wide interest to geoscientists.
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