DIAPHYSEAL FRACTURES OF THE FEMUR IN CHILDREN, SCOPING REVIEW

Bryam Esteban Coello García, Nathaly Mishell Naranjo Cevallos, Byron Fabián Pinos Reyes, Julio Andrés Brito Bayas, Jessica Estefanía Correa Rivera, Sandra Johanna Laso Barrera, Alexandra Verónica Brenner Peralta, Gabriela Johanna Bustos Vélez, Andrés Patricio Arias Bravo, Jaime Eduardo Orquera Albarracin
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Abstract

Introduction: Fractures of the femur in young ages, both diaphyseal, intertrochanteric and femoral neck, are usually associated with high energy mechanisms. The treatment of femoral diaphysis fractures in children is controversial because the procedures used in adults are not applicable in the growth period. Objective: to detail the current information related to femoral diaphyseal fractures in children, generalities, epidemiology, mechanism of production, physiopathology, characteristics of consolidation, treatment and complications. Methodology: a total of 34 articles were analyzed in this review, including review and original articles, as well as clinical cases, of which 21 bibliographies were used because the other articles were not relevant to this study. The sources of information were PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane; the terms used to search for information in Spanish, Portuguese and English were: diaphyseal fractures, femur fractures in children, femur fractures, treatment of fractures in children, child trauma. Results: Femoral diaphysis fractures are more common in males with a 3 to 1 ratio. According to age, 11 percent involve children under 2 years old, 21 percent involve children between 3 to 5 years old, 33 percent between 6-12 years old and 35 percent between 13-18 years old. The incidence of exposed fractures is relatively low, being approximately less than 5%. Conclusions: the management of femur fractures in children is still controversial, so that at present we do not have a general consensus on the ideal treatment, nor is there an effective treatment method that ensures the treatment of all fractures. Each of the various types of treatment has its advantages and disadvantages. The therapeutic alternative chosen will be based on the clinical stability of the affected individual, as well as on the characteristics of the fracture, diameter of the medullary cavity and weight of the individual. KEY WORDS: children, fractures, trauma, diaphysis, femur.
儿童股骨骨骺骨折,范围审查
简介幼年股骨骨折(包括骺端骨折、转子间骨折和股骨颈骨折)通常与高能量机制有关。目的:详细介绍与儿童股骨骺骨折、一般情况、流行病学、产生机制、生理病理学、巩固特点、治疗和并发症有关的现有信息。方法:本综述共分析了 34 篇文章,包括综述性文章、原创性文章以及临床病例,其中 21 篇参考文献因其他文章与本研究无关而被采用。信息来源于PubMed、Google Scholar和Cochrane;搜索西班牙文、葡萄牙文和英文信息时使用的术语为:干骺端骨折、儿童股骨骨折、股骨骨折、儿童骨折治疗、儿童创伤:股骨骺骨折多见于男性,比例为3:1。根据年龄划分,2岁以下儿童占11%,3至5岁儿童占21%,6至12岁儿童占33%,13至18岁儿童占35%。外露骨折的发生率相对较低,约低于5%。结论:儿童股骨骨折的治疗仍存在争议,因此目前我们对理想的治疗方法尚未达成普遍共识,也没有一种有效的治疗方法能确保治疗所有骨折。各种治疗方法各有利弊。选择哪种治疗方法取决于患者的临床稳定性,以及骨折的特点、髓腔直径和体重。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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