The form of consciousness in brain & pathology and treatment of UWS

Heyuan Liu
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Abstract

The study of consciousness, a fundamental aspect of human existence, spans neurobiology, brain science, and psychology. In nested hierarchies in the brain, consciousness is a confluence of wakefulness, arousal, and awareness. Disorders of consciousness, such as the Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome (UWS), present profound challenges in the medical domain. UWS patients experience severe disturbances in awareness and reactivity, often due to traumatic or non-traumatic brain injuries. Central to the debate on consciousness is the thalamus, a neural relay pivotal to cognitive function. Recent research emphasizes the thalamuss role in disorders like UWS, particularly when stemming from thalamic injuries. Novel thalamic interventions, like Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) and Stereotactic Thalamotomy, have been explored for therapeutic potential, showing varying outcomes. The transition towards targeted thalamic treatments, underscored by advanced imaging insights, marks a shift in UWS therapeutic strategies. However, the intricacies of the thalamus and the heterogeneity of UWS necessitate a comprehensive and individualized approach. As researchers delve deeper, the thalamus stands central to potential breakthroughs in restoring consciousness in UWS patients.
大脑中的意识形态与 UWS 的病理和治疗
意识是人类生存的一个基本方面,其研究横跨神经生物学、脑科学和心理学。在大脑的嵌套层次中,意识是觉醒、唤醒和意识的交汇。意识障碍,如无反应清醒综合症(UWS),给医学领域带来了深刻的挑战。无反应觉醒综合症患者的意识和反应能力会受到严重干扰,这通常是由于创伤性或非创伤性脑损伤所致。丘脑是意识争论的核心,它是对认知功能至关重要的神经中枢。最近的研究强调了丘脑在 UWS 等疾病中的作用,尤其是在丘脑损伤的情况下。新的丘脑干预措施,如脑深部刺激(DBS)和立体定向丘脑切开术,已被探索出治疗潜力,并显示出不同的结果。在先进成像技术的支持下,丘脑靶向治疗的过渡标志着 UWS 治疗策略的转变。然而,丘脑的错综复杂性和 UWS 的异质性要求采用全面的个体化方法。随着研究人员的深入研究,丘脑将成为恢复 UWS 患者意识的潜在突破口。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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