How has the evolution of our understanding of the compartmentalization of sphingolipid biosynthesis over the past 30 years altered our view of the evolution of the pathway?
4区 生物学Q4 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Sphingolipids are unique among cellular lipids inasmuch as their biosynthesis is compartmentalized between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi apparatus. This compartmentalization was first recognized about thirty years ago, and the current review not only updates studies on the compartmentalization of sphingolipid biosynthesis, but also discusses the ramifications of this feature for our understanding of how the pathway could have evolved. Thus, we augment some of our recent studies by inclusion of two further molecular pathways that need to be considered when analyzing the evolutionary requirements for generation of sphingolipids, namely contact sites between the ER and the Golgi apparatus, and the mechanism(s) of vesicular transport between these two organelles. Along with evolution of the individual enzymes of the pathway, their subcellular localization, and the supply of essential metabolites via the anteome, it becomes apparent that current models to describe evolution of the sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway may need substantial refinement.
鞘磷脂在细胞脂质中是独一无二的,因为它们的生物合成是在内质网(ER)和高尔基体之间分区进行的。这种分隔在大约三十年前首次被认识到,目前的综述不仅更新了有关鞘脂生物合成分隔的研究,还讨论了这一特征对我们理解该途径如何演变的影响。因此,我们对最近的一些研究进行了补充,纳入了在分析鞘脂生成的进化要求时需要考虑的另外两个分子途径,即 ER 和高尔基体之间的接触点以及这两个细胞器之间的囊泡运输机制。随着鞘磷脂生物合成途径中各个酶的进化、它们的亚细胞定位以及通过前体提供必需代谢物,目前描述鞘磷脂生物合成途径进化的模型显然需要大量改进。
期刊介绍:
Current Topics in Membranes provides a systematic, comprehensive, and rigorous approach to specific topics relevant to the study of cellular membranes. Each volume is a guest edited compendium of membrane biology.