Genetic origins and migration patterns of Xinjiang Mongolian group revealed through Y-chromosome analysis

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI:10.3389/fevo.2024.1349231

Yifan Wang, Lei Xie, Ke Wang, Zixi Jiang, Yuhang Feng, Yao Yu, Xin Chang, Hailiang Meng, Yiran Xu, Yishan Wu, Meisen Shi, Xiaoxia Wang, Shaoqing Wen

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

IntroductionThe Xinjiang Mongolians, located along the Silk Road, migrated westward from Northeast Asia in the 13th and 14th centuries. Despite its significance, genetic studies on Xinjiang Mongolians have been limited compared to other Mongolian populations.MethodsIn this study, we analyzed the non-recombining region of the Y-chromosome in 165 Xinjiang Mongolian males using 108 biallelic markers and 44 STRs.Results and discussionOur study identified prevalent haplogroups C2a1a3-F1918 (10%), C2a1a2-M48 (8%), N1a1a-M178 (5%), and R1a1a-M17 (10%) in the Xinjiang Mongolians. Additionally, our study suggested a genetic affinity between Xinjiang Mongolians and Inner Mongolia Mongolian populations, as well as other ethnic groups from northwest China, based on the PCA analysis. The Network analysis revealed distinct branching expansion patterns in haplogroups C2a1a3a-F3796, C2a1a2-M48, and N1a1a-M178, with estimated timeframes aligning with Genghis Khan's invasion of Xinjiang in the Yuan Dynasty. Notably, our analysis of the R1a1a-M17 Network highlighted the role of Xinjiang Mongolians in the expansion of Turkic-speaking populations in Xinjiang and surrounding regions. The integration of ancient DNA data suggested that the high frequency haplogroups C2a1a3a-F3796, C2a1a2-M48, and N1a1a-M178 could be traced back to their origin in Northeast Asia. Furthermore, the estimated TMRCA of haplogroup R1a1a-M17 implied cultural and genetic influences from Turkic populations during the Qagatay Khanate period. Overall, our study provided a genetic explanation for the ethnic origin of Xinjiang Mongolians, highlighting their migration from Northeast Asia and subsequent assimilation with the local populations in Xinjiang.

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通过 Y 染色体分析揭示新疆蒙古族的遗传起源和迁移模式

引言新疆蒙古族位于丝绸之路沿线，于 13-14 世纪从东北亚向西迁徙。尽管新疆蒙古族具有重要意义，但与其他蒙古族人群相比，对新疆蒙古族的遗传学研究还很有限。方法在这项研究中，我们使用 108 个双唇标记和 44 个 STRs 分析了 165 名新疆蒙古族男性的 Y 染色体非重组区。结果与讨论我们的研究在新疆蒙古族中发现了流行的单倍群 C2a1a3-F1918（10%）、C2a1a2-M48（8%）、N1a1a-M178（5%）和 R1a1a-M17（10%）。此外，根据 PCA 分析，我们的研究表明新疆蒙古族与内蒙古蒙古族以及中国西北部其他民族之间存在遗传亲缘关系。网络分析揭示了单倍群 C2a1a3a-F3796、C2a1a2-M48 和 N1a1a-M178 的独特分支扩张模式，估计时间框架与成吉思汗元朝入侵新疆的时间一致。值得注意的是，我们对 R1a1a-M17 网络的分析强调了新疆蒙古人在新疆及周边地区突厥语人群扩张过程中的作用。古 DNA 数据的整合表明，高频单倍群 C2a1a3a-F3796、C2a1a2-M48 和 N1a1a-M178 的起源可追溯到东北亚地区。此外，单倍群 R1a1a-M17 的估计 TMRCA 意味着在喀喇汗国时期突厥人的文化和遗传影响。总之，我们的研究为新疆蒙古人的民族起源提供了遗传学解释，突出了他们从东北亚迁徙到新疆并随后与当地人口同化的过程。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution Environmental Science-Ecology

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

6.70%

发文量

1143

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution publishes rigorously peer-reviewed research across fundamental and applied sciences, to provide ecological and evolutionary insights into our natural and anthropogenic world, and how it should best be managed. Field Chief Editor Mark A. Elgar at the University of Melbourne is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics and the public worldwide. Eminent biologist and theist Theodosius Dobzhansky’s astute observation that “Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution” has arguably even broader relevance now than when it was first penned in The American Biology Teacher in 1973. One could similarly argue that not much in evolution makes sense without recourse to ecological concepts: understanding diversity — from microbial adaptations to species assemblages — requires insights from both ecological and evolutionary disciplines. Nowadays, technological developments from other fields allow us to address unprecedented ecological and evolutionary questions of astonishing detail, impressive breadth and compelling inference. The specialty sections of Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution will publish, under a single platform, contemporary, rigorous research, reviews, opinions, and commentaries that cover the spectrum of ecological and evolutionary inquiry, both fundamental and applied. Articles are peer-reviewed according to the Frontiers review guidelines, which evaluate manuscripts on objective editorial criteria. Through this unique, Frontiers platform for open-access publishing and research networking, Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution aims to provide colleagues and the broader community with ecological and evolutionary insights into our natural and anthropogenic world, and how it might best be managed.