Voluntary wheel running access produces opposite effects in male and female rats on both palatable diet consumption and associated ventral striatal opioid- and dopamine-related gene expression

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI:10.3389/fnint.2024.1426219

Courtney G. Kocum, Yonca Cam, Dusti A. Shay, Tim A. Schweizer, Ella R. Konrad, Tabitha K. Houska, Carlos A. Sardina, Todd R. Schachtman, Victoria J. Vieira-Potter, Matthew J. Will

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The relationship between physical activity levels and feeding behaviors has been a focus of preclinical research for decades, yet this interaction has only recently been explored for potential sex differences. The aim of the present study was to isolate sex-dependent effects of voluntary wheel running (RUN) vs. sedentary locked wheel (SED) home cage conditions on palatability-driven feeding behavior using a 2-diet choice task between standard chow and a high-fat diet. The sex-dependent effects of physical activity on feeding behavior were examined following a within-subject novel reversal design of physical activity conditions (i.e., RUN > SED > RUN), to assess temporal sensitivity of the interaction. Following the final 2 weeks of reestablished and sustained RUN vs. SED conditions in separate groups of both males and females, reward-related opioid and dopamine gene expression within the nucleus accumbens (Acb) brain region were analyzed. Results demonstrated that the initial RUN > SED transition led to sex-dependent effects of SED condition, as males increased, and females decreased their high fat consumption, compared to their respective high fat consumption during previous RUN condition phase. Following reintroduction to the RUN condition, males decreased, and females increased their high fat consumption, compared to their separate SED control group. Last, sex-dependent shifts in ventral striatal opioid- and dopamine-related gene expression were observed to parallel the behavioral effects. The major findings of the study reveal that SED and RUN home cage conditions shift palatability-driven feeding in the opposite direction for males and females, these effects are sensitive to reversal, and these sex-dependent feeding behaviors track sex-dependent changes to critical reward-related gene expression patterns in the Acb. Considering the present high rates of sedentary behavior and obesity, furthering our understanding of the interaction between physical activity (or lack thereof) and feeding behavior should be a priority, especially in the context of these divergent sex-dependent outcomes.

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在雌雄大鼠体内，自愿车轮跑步对适口饮食的摄入量以及相关的腹侧纹状体阿片和多巴胺相关基因的表达产生了相反的影响

几十年来，体力活动水平与摄食行为之间的关系一直是临床前研究的一个重点，但这种相互作用的潜在性别差异直到最近才被探索出来。本研究的目的是通过在标准饲料和高脂肪饲料之间进行2种饮食选择任务，分离自愿轮跑（RUN）和静止锁定轮跑（SED）家笼条件对适口性驱动的摄食行为的性别依赖性影响。为了评估交互作用的时间敏感性，研究人员对运动条件（即 RUN > SED > RUN）进行了主体内新颖的反转设计，以考察运动对摄食行为的性别依赖性影响。在对男性和女性分别进行为期两周的重新建立和持续 RUN 与 SED 条件对比后，分析了脑部伏隔核（Acb）区域内与奖赏相关的阿片类和多巴胺基因表达。结果表明，最初的 RUN > SED 过渡导致了 SED 条件的性别依赖效应，与之前 RUN 条件阶段的高脂肪消耗相比，男性增加了高脂肪消耗，而女性则减少了高脂肪消耗。与单独的 SED 对照组相比，重新进入 RUN 条件后，雄性动物减少了高脂肪摄入量，而雌性动物则增加了高脂肪摄入量。最后，在行为效应的同时，还观察到腹侧纹状体阿片和多巴胺相关基因表达的性别依赖性变化。该研究的主要发现表明，SED和RUN家笼条件会使雌雄动物的适口性驱动摄食行为向相反的方向转变，这些效应对逆转很敏感，而且这些性别依赖性摄食行为会跟踪Acb中与奖赏相关的关键基因表达模式的性别依赖性变化。考虑到目前久坐不动和肥胖症的高发率，进一步了解体力活动（或缺乏体力活动）与摄食行为之间的相互作用应该是当务之急，尤其是在这些不同性别依赖性结果的背景下。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience Neuroscience-Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

2.90%

发文量

148

审稿时长

14 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience publishes rigorously peer-reviewed research that synthesizes multiple facets of brain structure and function, to better understand how multiple diverse functions are integrated to produce complex behaviors. Led by an outstanding Editorial Board of international experts, this multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide. Our goal is to publish research related to furthering the understanding of the integrative mechanisms underlying brain functioning across one or more interacting levels of neural organization. In most real life experiences, sensory inputs from several modalities converge and interact in a manner that influences perception and actions generating purposeful and social behaviors. The journal is therefore focused on the primary questions of how multiple sensory, cognitive and emotional processes merge to produce coordinated complex behavior. It is questions such as this that cannot be answered at a single level – an ion channel, a neuron or a synapse – that we wish to focus on. In Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience we welcome in vitro or in vivo investigations across the molecular, cellular, and systems and behavioral level. Research in any species and at any stage of development and aging that are focused at understanding integration mechanisms underlying emergent properties of the brain and behavior are welcome.