Analysis of carbon-14 discharges from Korean nuclear power plants

IF 3.5 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS
Hwapyoung Kim, Tae Young Kong, Seongjun Kim, Jinho Son, Changju Song, Jiung Kim, Hee Geun Kim
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Abstract

The routine practice accompanying the operation of nuclear facilities involves the discharge of radioactive effluents from nuclear power plants (NPPs). Regulation of this discharge to the environment hinges on three criteria: radioactivity concentration, public dose, and radioactivity. Among these, radioactive carbon-14 holds particular significance as it possesses an extensive half-life of 5730 years, making it a primary source of radiation dose to communities residing around NPPs. In Korea, the monitoring of carbon-14 discharges from pressurized water reactors (PWRs) in gaseous effluents has been ongoing since 2012, whereas before 2012, monitoring exclusively focused on carbon-14 discharges from pressurized heavy water reactors (PHWRs). Analysis of carbon-14 discharges from Korean PHWRs indicates that their emission constituted less than 1% of total radioactive effluents over the past two decades. In the context of Korean PWRs, carbon-14 discharge monitoring was absent from 2002 to 2011, resulting in an absence of data regarding such discharges during that period. After introducing carbon-14 discharge monitoring in gaseous effluents from Korean PWRs, emissions from 2012 to 2021 contributed 3% of the total gaseous effluents. These findings indicate that despite being the primary contributor to public dose, carbon-14 discharges from NPPs constitute a minor portion of the radioactive effluent discharge.

Abstract Image

韩国核电站碳-14 排放分析
核设施运行过程中的常规做法是核电厂排放放射性废水。对这种向环境排放的监管取决于三个标准:放射性浓度、公众剂量和放射性。其中,放射性碳-14 尤为重要,因为它的半衰期长达 5730 年,是核电站周围社区的主要辐射剂量来源。在韩国,自 2012 年起开始监测压水堆(PWR)气体排放物中的碳-14,而在 2012 年之前,监测仅集中于压水重水堆(PHWR)的碳-14 排放物。对韩国压水堆碳-14 排放量的分析表明,在过去二十年中,其排放量占放射性流出物总量的比例不到 1%。就韩国压水堆而言,2002 年至 2011 年期间没有对碳-14 的排放进行监测,因此在此期间缺乏有关碳-14 排放的数据。在对韩国压水堆的气体排放物引入碳-14 排放监测后,2012 年至 2021 年的排放量占气体排放物总量的 3%。这些研究结果表明,尽管碳-14 是公众剂量的主要来源,但核电站的碳-14 排放只占放射性污水排放的一小部分。
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来源期刊
Energy Science & Engineering
Energy Science & Engineering Engineering-Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
7.90%
发文量
298
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Energy Science & Engineering is a peer reviewed, open access journal dedicated to fundamental and applied research on energy and supply and use. Published as a co-operative venture of Wiley and SCI (Society of Chemical Industry), the journal offers authors a fast route to publication and the ability to share their research with the widest possible audience of scientists, professionals and other interested people across the globe. Securing an affordable and low carbon energy supply is a critical challenge of the 21st century and the solutions will require collaboration between scientists and engineers worldwide. This new journal aims to facilitate collaboration and spark innovation in energy research and development. Due to the importance of this topic to society and economic development the journal will give priority to quality research papers that are accessible to a broad readership and discuss sustainable, state-of-the art approaches to shaping the future of energy. This multidisciplinary journal will appeal to all researchers and professionals working in any area of energy in academia, industry or government, including scientists, engineers, consultants, policy-makers, government officials, economists and corporate organisations.
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