Javier Herrera-Murcia , J. Montaña , J. Suarique-Agudelo , C. Younes , L.F. Porras
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
This paper presents a description and characterization of the lightning activity over the central and northern portions of the Colombian territory, which was divided into nine subregions for the analysis, between 2007 and 2016. The lightning activity and parameters within the study areas display a high level of temporal and spatial variation; however, these variations are overshadowed when the analysis is conducted for larger areas. In the northern regions, the monthly lightning activity follows a unimodal distribution, whereas in the central and southern regions, it follows a bimodal distribution. The majority of the lightning activity occurs during the afternoon and evening (local time). Regarding the lightning peak current, the polarity percentage was observed to fluctuate slightly between 80 and 20 percent for negative and positive flashes respectively. In certain regions, this percentage varies only in isolated cases and cannot be interpreted as a rule. Positive flashes have a multiplicity of 1 stroke per flash, whereas negative flashes have a multiplicity between 1 and 2 strokes per flash. For most subregions, the Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Flash Density (CGLFD) displays large variations with maximum values above 30 flashes km−2 year−1. CGLFD and altitude correlations did not exhibit a uniform pattern, however, in certain regions, the CGLFD and altitude display an inverse relationship. Additionally, a comparative analysis of the lightning parameters found in this study is performed with the values reported at other latitudes.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics (JASTP) is an international journal concerned with the inter-disciplinary science of the Earth''s atmospheric and space environment, especially the highly varied and highly variable physical phenomena that occur in this natural laboratory and the processes that couple them.
The journal covers the physical processes operating in the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, magnetosphere, the Sun, interplanetary medium, and heliosphere. Phenomena occurring in other "spheres", solar influences on climate, and supporting laboratory measurements are also considered. The journal deals especially with the coupling between the different regions.
Solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and other energetic events on the Sun create interesting and important perturbations in the near-Earth space environment. The physics of such "space weather" is central to the Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics and the journal welcomes papers that lead in the direction of a predictive understanding of the coupled system. Regarding the upper atmosphere, the subjects of aeronomy, geomagnetism and geoelectricity, auroral phenomena, radio wave propagation, and plasma instabilities, are examples within the broad field of solar-terrestrial physics which emphasise the energy exchange between the solar wind, the magnetospheric and ionospheric plasmas, and the neutral gas. In the lower atmosphere, topics covered range from mesoscale to global scale dynamics, to atmospheric electricity, lightning and its effects, and to anthropogenic changes.