Design and Impact: Navigating the Electrochemical Characterization Methods for Supported Catalysts

IF 13.1 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

ACS Catalysis Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI:10.1021/acscatal.4c03271

Karl-Ander Kasuk, Jaak Nerut, Vitali Grozovski, Enn Lust, Anthony Kucernak

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Abstract

This review will investigate the impact of electrochemical characterization method design choices on intrinsic catalyst activity measurements by predominantly using the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on supported catalysts as a model reaction. The wider use of hydrogen for transportation or electrical grid stabilization requires improvements in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) performance. One of the areas for improvement is the (ORR) catalyst efficiency and durability. Research and development of the traditional platinum-based catalysts have commonly been performed using rotating disk electrodes (RDE), rotating ring disk electrodes (RRDE), and membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs). However, the mass transport conditions of RDE and RRDE limit their usefulness in characterizing supported catalysts at high current densities, and MEA characterizations can be complex, lengthy, and costly. Ultramicroelectrode with a catalyst-filled cavity addresses some of these problems, but with limited success. Due to the properties discussed in this review, the recent floating electrode (FE) and the gas diffusion electrode (GDE) methods offer additional capabilities in the electrochemical characterization process. With the FE technique, the intrinsic activity of catalysts for ORR can be investigated, leading to a better understanding of the ORR mechanism through more reliable experimental data from application-relevant high-mass transport conditions. The GDEs are helpful bridging tools between RDE and MEA experiments, simplifying the fuel cell and electrolyzer manufacturing and operating optimization process.

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设计与影响：导航支撑催化剂的电化学表征方法

本综述将主要以支撑催化剂上的氧还原反应 (ORR) 为模型反应，研究电化学表征方法设计选择对催化剂内在活性测量的影响。要将氢气更广泛地用于运输或电网稳定，就必须提高质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）的性能。其中一个需要改进的方面是（ORR）催化剂的效率和耐用性。传统铂基催化剂的研究和开发通常采用旋转盘电极（RDE）、旋转环盘电极（RRDE）和膜电极组件（MEA）。然而，RDE 和 RRDE 的质量传输条件限制了它们在高电流密度下表征支撑型催化剂的实用性，而 MEA 的表征过程可能复杂、冗长且成本高昂。带有催化剂填充腔的超微电极解决了其中一些问题，但效果有限。由于本综述中讨论的特性，最近的浮动电极（FE）和气体扩散电极（GDE）方法为电化学表征过程提供了更多的功能。利用 FE 技术可以研究 ORR 催化剂的内在活性，从而通过与应用相关的高质输运条件下更可靠的实验数据更好地了解 ORR 机制。GDE 是连接 RDE 和 MEA 实验的有用工具，可简化燃料电池和电解槽的制造和运行优化过程。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

ACS Catalysis CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL-

CiteScore

20.80

自引率

6.20%

发文量

1253

审稿时长

1.5 months

期刊介绍： ACS Catalysis is an esteemed journal that publishes original research in the fields of heterogeneous catalysis, molecular catalysis, and biocatalysis. It offers broad coverage across diverse areas such as life sciences, organometallics and synthesis, photochemistry and electrochemistry, drug discovery and synthesis, materials science, environmental protection, polymer discovery and synthesis, and energy and fuels. The scope of the journal is to showcase innovative work in various aspects of catalysis. This includes new reactions and novel synthetic approaches utilizing known catalysts, the discovery or modification of new catalysts, elucidation of catalytic mechanisms through cutting-edge investigations, practical enhancements of existing processes, as well as conceptual advances in the field. Contributions to ACS Catalysis can encompass both experimental and theoretical research focused on catalytic molecules, macromolecules, and materials that exhibit catalytic turnover.