{"title":"Ultrasound-guided sciatic nerve block injections in barred owl (Strix varia) cadavers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2024.06.012","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To describe an ultrasound-guided approach to the sciatic nerve and the distribution of nerve staining using two injectate volumes of dye in barred owls.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Descriptive, randomized, assessor-blinded, cadaveric study.</p></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><p>Twelve barred owl cadavers.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The sciatic nerve was visualized with a 13-6 MHz linear ultrasound probe placed on the medial aspect of the proximal femur in barred owl cadavers. A needle was inserted at the proximal caudal thigh, and cranially advanced in-plane until the tip was immediately adjacent and ventral to the sciatic nerve. Eleven owls were injected bilaterally with a 1:1 solution of 1% methylene blue and 0.5% ropivacaine, with high-volume (HV; 0.4 mL kg<sup>–1</sup>) and low-volume (LV; 0.2 mL kg<sup>–1</sup>) treatments. Nerve staining ≥ 1 cm circumferentially was determined by dissection 15 minutes post-injection. The coelom was then opened to inspect for aberrant dye spread. In one barred owl cadaver, a 1:1 solution of 1% methylene blue and 74% ioversol contrast was injected, and computed tomography was performed immediately before and 15 minutes after injection for evaluation of injectate spread.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The HV treatment (0.4 mL kg<sup>–1</sup>) resulted in successful nerve staining in 100% of injections, whereas the LV treatment (0.2 mL kg<sup>–1</sup>) resulted in successful nerve staining in 91% of injections. There was no leakage of injectate into undesired locations (e.g. coelomic cavity) in any cadaver.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><p>In barred owls, the sciatic nerve can be visualized with ultrasound and injecting a ropivacaine/dye solution under ultrasound guidance successfully stained the sciatic nerve in the majority of cases. This technique holds potential for providing analgesia distal to the stifle joint; however, further investigations are necessary to evaluate its practical application in a clinical setting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1467298724001235","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"VETERINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective
To describe an ultrasound-guided approach to the sciatic nerve and the distribution of nerve staining using two injectate volumes of dye in barred owls.
The sciatic nerve was visualized with a 13-6 MHz linear ultrasound probe placed on the medial aspect of the proximal femur in barred owl cadavers. A needle was inserted at the proximal caudal thigh, and cranially advanced in-plane until the tip was immediately adjacent and ventral to the sciatic nerve. Eleven owls were injected bilaterally with a 1:1 solution of 1% methylene blue and 0.5% ropivacaine, with high-volume (HV; 0.4 mL kg–1) and low-volume (LV; 0.2 mL kg–1) treatments. Nerve staining ≥ 1 cm circumferentially was determined by dissection 15 minutes post-injection. The coelom was then opened to inspect for aberrant dye spread. In one barred owl cadaver, a 1:1 solution of 1% methylene blue and 74% ioversol contrast was injected, and computed tomography was performed immediately before and 15 minutes after injection for evaluation of injectate spread.
Results
The HV treatment (0.4 mL kg–1) resulted in successful nerve staining in 100% of injections, whereas the LV treatment (0.2 mL kg–1) resulted in successful nerve staining in 91% of injections. There was no leakage of injectate into undesired locations (e.g. coelomic cavity) in any cadaver.
Conclusions and clinical relevance
In barred owls, the sciatic nerve can be visualized with ultrasound and injecting a ropivacaine/dye solution under ultrasound guidance successfully stained the sciatic nerve in the majority of cases. This technique holds potential for providing analgesia distal to the stifle joint; however, further investigations are necessary to evaluate its practical application in a clinical setting.
期刊介绍:
Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia is the official journal of the Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists, the American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia and the European College of Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia. Its purpose is the publication of original, peer reviewed articles covering all branches of anaesthesia and the relief of pain in animals. Articles concerned with the following subjects related to anaesthesia and analgesia are also welcome:
the basic sciences;
pathophysiology of disease as it relates to anaesthetic management
equipment
intensive care
chemical restraint of animals including laboratory animals, wildlife and exotic animals
welfare issues associated with pain and distress
education in veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia.
Review articles, special articles, and historical notes will also be published, along with editorials, case reports in the form of letters to the editor, and book reviews. There is also an active correspondence section.