Causes and effects of childhood obesity

IF 2.9 3区 医学 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS
A Trafalska, J Kulinska, D Krzyzanowski
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background Childhood and adolescent obesity and overweight is a major public health crisis nationally and internationally.. Obesity in childhood increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disorders, including type 2 diabetes, abnormalities resulting from posture defects, and furthermore obesity in adulthood. Excessive body weight is also the cause of many emotional disorders related with lack of acceptance by oneself, family and peers. An analysis of the prevalence of obesity among children hospitalized in the Department of Rehabilitation was conducted in 2020-2023. Excessive body weight occurred in 23% of the examined patients. Purpose The aim of the study is to show the incidence of obesity and overweight among children hospitalized in the Department of Rehabilitation, to determine the cause of the disease based on the author's survey, which took into account the lifestyle of the examined patients, and to examine the relationship between body weight and elevated blood pressure values. The results were subjected to statistical analysis. Methods The clinical trial was conducted on 1,283 pediatric patients. The data were analyzed: weight, height, BMI, blood pressure and then the obtained values were placed on percentile charts. An original questionnaire was also conducted - took into account the age, gender, lifestyle, eating habits and physical activity of the respondents. Results 23% of hospitalized patients indicated excessive body weight. 10% of patients were obese and 13% were overweight. Back pain was the reason for hospitalization in 76% of overweight and obese children. Among children with excessive body weight, 25% indicated higher blood pressure values, while in the control group, this problem affected only 1% of respondents. A relationship has been shown between lack of physical activity, excessive body weight and problems with the locomotor system - 72% of overweight and obese children didn’t engage in any regular physical activity. After school, children spent their time mainly in a sitting or semi-reclining position. Moreover, 60% of parents reported that they don’t know what their child's diet looks like. Most teenagers admitted to eating meals irregularly, snacking between meals, and drinking sweetened drinks and leaving home without breakfast. Conclusions Obesity and overweight among children and adolescents is a significant public health problem in both medical and social dimensions. Counteracting obesity should start in early childhood and should be based on the lifestyle that includes proper nutrition and physical activity. Factors contributing to overweight and obesity include: lack of daily physical activity, avoiding exercise during physical education classes, spending many hours in a sitting position and inappropriate eating habits.
儿童肥胖症的原因和影响
背景 儿童和青少年肥胖和超重是国内外的一个重大公共卫生危机。儿童时期的肥胖会增加罹患心血管疾病、高血压、脂质和碳水化合物代谢紊乱(包括 2 型糖尿病)、姿势缺陷导致的畸形以及成年后肥胖的风险。体重过重也是导致许多情绪失调的原因,这些情绪失调与缺乏被自己、家人和同伴接纳有关。2020-2023 年,康复部对住院儿童的肥胖患病率进行了分析。23% 的受检患者体重超标。目的 该研究旨在显示康复科住院儿童中肥胖和超重的发生率,根据作者的调查(考虑到受检患者的生活方式)确定病因,并研究体重与血压值升高之间的关系。结果将进行统计分析。方法 对 1283 名儿科患者进行了临床试验。对数据进行了分析:体重、身高、体重指数、血压,然后将获得的数值放在百分位图上。此外,还进行了一项原始问卷调查,其中考虑到了受访者的年龄、性别、生活方式、饮食习惯和体育锻炼情况。结果 23% 的住院病人表示体重超标。10%的患者肥胖,13%的患者超重。76%的超重和肥胖儿童住院的原因是背痛。在体重超标的儿童中,有 25% 表示血压值较高,而在对照组中,仅有 1% 的受访者有此问题。缺乏体育锻炼、体重超标和运动系统问题之间存在联系--72%的超重和肥胖儿童没有定期参加体育锻炼。放学后,孩子们主要以坐姿或半躺姿度过。此外,60% 的家长表示不知道孩子的饮食习惯。大多数青少年承认,他们三餐不定时,两餐之间吃零食,喝甜饮料,不吃早餐就离家出走。结论 儿童和青少年肥胖和超重是一个重大的公共卫生问题,既涉及医疗问题,也涉及社会问题。应对肥胖问题应从儿童早期开始,并应基于包括适当营养和体育锻炼在内的生活方式。导致超重和肥胖的因素包括:缺乏日常体育锻炼、避免在体育课上锻炼、长时间保持坐姿以及不恰当的饮食习惯。
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来源期刊
European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing
European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS-NURSING
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
10.30%
发文量
247
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The peer-reviewed journal of the European Society of Cardiology’s Council on Cardiovascular Nursing and Allied Professions (CCNAP) covering the broad field of cardiovascular nursing including chronic and acute care, cardiac rehabilitation, primary and secondary prevention, heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, interventional cardiology, cardiac care, and vascular nursing.
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