Transient Flow in Porous Electrosprays

IF 2.7 3区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Transport in Porous Media Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI:10.1007/s11242-024-02113-9

Peter L. Wright, Richard E. Wirz

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Abstract

Porous ionic electrospray emitters have received significant interest for space propulsion due to their performance and operational simplicity. We have developed a diffusion equation for describing the transient flow response in a porous electrospray emitter, which allows for the prediction of the settling time for flow in the porous emitter. This equation accounts for both the change in liquid storage at exposed pores on the emitter with pressure and viscous diffusion through Darcy’s law. Transient flow solutions are provided for the most common emitter topologies: pillar, cone, and wedge. Transient flow solutions describe the settling time and magnitude of current overshoot from porous electrosprays, while providing useful guidelines for reducing transient response time through emitter design. Comparing diffusion of pressure to the onset delay model for electrospray emission shows that diffusion is most relevant at higher voltages and when a porous reservoir is used. Accounting for multiple emission sites on the wedge geometry shows that emission sites settle in proportion to emission site spacing to the power − 1.74.

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多孔电纺丝中的瞬态流动

多孔离子电喷雾发射器由于其性能和操作简便性，在太空推进方面受到了极大的关注。我们开发了一个描述多孔电喷雾发射器中瞬态流动响应的扩散方程，可以预测多孔发射器中流动的沉降时间。该方程既考虑了辐射器上暴露孔隙中液体存储量随压力的变化，也考虑了通过达西定律进行的粘性扩散。瞬态流解决方案适用于最常见的发射器拓扑结构：柱形、锥形和楔形。瞬态流解决方案描述了多孔电喷雾器的沉淀时间和电流过冲幅度，同时为通过发射器设计缩短瞬态响应时间提供了有用的指导。将压力扩散与电喷雾发射的起始延迟模型进行比较后发现，在电压较高和使用多孔储层时，压力扩散最为重要。对楔形几何体上的多个发射点进行核算后发现，发射点的沉降与发射点间距成正比，功率为 -1.74。

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来源期刊

Transport in Porous Media 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

7.40%

发文量

155

审稿时长

4.2 months

期刊介绍： -Publishes original research on physical, chemical, and biological aspects of transport in porous media- Papers on porous media research may originate in various areas of physics, chemistry, biology, natural or materials science, and engineering (chemical, civil, agricultural, petroleum, environmental, electrical, and mechanical engineering)- Emphasizes theory, (numerical) modelling, laboratory work, and non-routine applications- Publishes work of a fundamental nature, of interest to a wide readership, that provides novel insight into porous media processes- Expanded in 2007 from 12 to 15 issues per year. Transport in Porous Media publishes original research on physical and chemical aspects of transport phenomena in rigid and deformable porous media. These phenomena, occurring in single and multiphase flow in porous domains, can be governed by extensive quantities such as mass of a fluid phase, mass of component of a phase, momentum, or energy. Moreover, porous medium deformations can be induced by the transport phenomena, by chemical and electro-chemical activities such as swelling, or by external loading through forces and displacements. These porous media phenomena may be studied by researchers from various areas of physics, chemistry, biology, natural or materials science, and engineering (chemical, civil, agricultural, petroleum, environmental, electrical, and mechanical engineering).