Effects of liquid lubricants on the surface characteristics of 3D-printed polylactic acid

IF 3.7 3区材料科学 Q1 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION

Smart Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2024-07-21 DOI:10.1088/1361-665x/ad622a

Gang-Min Kim, Sung-Jun Lee and Chang-Lae Kim

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Abstract

In this study, 3D-printed Polylactic acid (PLA) specimens were manufactured and polished using various lubricants to assess their surface, friction, and wear characteristics. After polishing, the surface roughness decreased by approximately 80% compared with that before polishing, except when acetone was used as the lubricant. In particular, under deionized (DI) water and acetone lubrication conditions, the friction coefficient decreased by 63% and 70%, respectively, whereas the specific wear rate decreased by 88% and 83%, respectively, compared with the unpolished specimens. In the case of dry polishing, adhesion, friction, and wear increase owing to surface damage. Ethanol and IPA polishing resulted in hydrolysis and increased friction, but slightly decreased wear rates. The surface of the specimen polished with acetone dissolved and became very rough. Only the surface polished with DI water exhibited hydrophobic properties. When acetone and DI water were used as lubricants, the surface adhesion force, adhesion energy, friction coefficient, and wear rate were lowest. The finite element analysis results showed that the polished surface exhibited stable contact pressure and friction force, while the unpolished surface showed large fluctuations in contact pressure and friction force owing to the laminated pattern. These results suggest that the polishing process is crucial for improving the surface characteristics and mechanical performance of 3D-printed PLA parts.

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液体润滑剂对 3D 打印聚乳酸表面特性的影响

本研究制作了 3D 打印聚乳酸（PLA）试样，并使用各种润滑剂对其进行抛光，以评估其表面、摩擦和磨损特性。除使用丙酮作为润滑剂外，抛光后的表面粗糙度比抛光前降低了约 80%。特别是在去离子水和丙酮润滑条件下，与未抛光试样相比，摩擦系数分别降低了 63% 和 70%，而比磨损率则分别降低了 88% 和 83%。在干抛光的情况下，由于表面损伤，附着力、摩擦力和磨损都会增加。乙醇和IPA抛光导致水解和摩擦增加，但磨损率略有下降。用丙酮抛光的试样表面溶解并变得非常粗糙。只有用去离子水抛光的试样表面具有疏水特性。使用丙酮和去离子水作为润滑剂时，表面附着力、附着能、摩擦系数和磨损率最低。有限元分析结果表明，抛光表面表现出稳定的接触压力和摩擦力，而未抛光表面则由于层叠模式而表现出较大的接触压力和摩擦力波动。这些结果表明，抛光工艺对于改善 3D 打印聚乳酸部件的表面特性和机械性能至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Smart Materials and Structures 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

12.20%

发文量

317

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Smart Materials and Structures (SMS) is a multi-disciplinary engineering journal that explores the creation and utilization of novel forms of transduction. It is a leading journal in the area of smart materials and structures, publishing the most important results from different regions of the world, largely from Asia, Europe and North America. The results may be as disparate as the development of new materials and active composite systems, derived using theoretical predictions to complex structural systems, which generate new capabilities by incorporating enabling new smart material transducers. The theoretical predictions are usually accompanied with experimental verification, characterizing the performance of new structures and devices. These systems are examined from the nanoscale to the macroscopic. SMS has a Board of Associate Editors who are specialists in a multitude of areas, ensuring that reviews are fast, fair and performed by experts in all sub-disciplines of smart materials, systems and structures. A smart material is defined as any material that is capable of being controlled such that its response and properties change under a stimulus. A smart structure or system is capable of reacting to stimuli or the environment in a prescribed manner. SMS is committed to understanding, expanding and dissemination of knowledge in this subject matter.