{"title":"Protective non-neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies.","authors":"Arman Izadi, Pontus Nordenfelt","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.06.003","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent studies show an important role for non-neutralizing anti-spike antibodies, including monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), in robustly protecting against SARS-CoV-2 infection. These mAbs use Fc-mediated functions such as complement activation, phagocytosis, and cellular cytotoxicity. There is an untapped potential for using non-neutralizing mAbs in durable antibody treatments; because of their available conserved epitopes, they may not be as sensitive to virus mutations as neutralizing mAbs. Here, we discuss evidence of non-neutralizing mAb-mediated protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. We explore how non-neutralizing mAb Fc-mediated functions can be enhanced via novel antibody-engineering techniques. Important questions remain to be answered regarding the characteristics of protective non-neutralizing mAbs, including the models and assays used for study, the risks of ensuing detrimental inflammation, as well as the durability and mechanisms of protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"609-624"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Trends in Immunology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2024.06.003","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/7/20 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Recent studies show an important role for non-neutralizing anti-spike antibodies, including monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), in robustly protecting against SARS-CoV-2 infection. These mAbs use Fc-mediated functions such as complement activation, phagocytosis, and cellular cytotoxicity. There is an untapped potential for using non-neutralizing mAbs in durable antibody treatments; because of their available conserved epitopes, they may not be as sensitive to virus mutations as neutralizing mAbs. Here, we discuss evidence of non-neutralizing mAb-mediated protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. We explore how non-neutralizing mAb Fc-mediated functions can be enhanced via novel antibody-engineering techniques. Important questions remain to be answered regarding the characteristics of protective non-neutralizing mAbs, including the models and assays used for study, the risks of ensuing detrimental inflammation, as well as the durability and mechanisms of protection.
最近的研究表明，非中和性抗尖峰抗体（包括单克隆抗体（mAbs））在有效抵御 SARS-CoV-2 感染方面发挥着重要作用。这些 mAbs 使用 Fc 介导的功能，如补体激活、吞噬和细胞毒性。在持久抗体治疗中使用非中和性 mAbs 的潜力尚待开发；由于非中和性 mAbs 有可用的保守表位，它们对病毒变异的敏感性可能不如中和性 mAbs。在这里，我们讨论了非中和mAb介导的对SARS-CoV-2感染的保护作用的证据。我们探讨了如何通过新型抗体工程技术增强非中和性 mAb Fc 介导的功能。关于保护性非中性 mAb 的特性，包括用于研究的模型和试验、随之而来的有害炎症的风险以及保护的持久性和机制等重要问题仍有待回答。
期刊介绍：
Trends in Immunology serves as a vital platform for tracking advancements across various areas of immunology, offering concise reviews and hypothesis-driven viewpoints in each issue. With additional sections providing comprehensive coverage, the journal offers a holistic view of immunology. This broad perspective makes it an invaluable resource for researchers, educators, and students, facilitating the connection between basic and clinical immunology. Recognized as one of the top monthly review journals in its field, Trends in Immunology is highly regarded by the scientific community.
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