The Role of Omega- 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Diabetes Mellitus Management: A Narrative Review.

IF 4.6 3区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Nutrition Reports Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-20 DOI:10.1007/s13668-024-00561-9

Sümeyra Şahin Bayram, Gül Kızıltan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose of review: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic illnesses characterized by elevated levels of glucose in the bloodstream as a result of abnormalities in the generation or function of insulin. Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) is an essential component of diabetes management. Dietary fats are essential in both the prevention and progression of chronic diseases. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are recognized for their advantageous impact on health. They assist in controlling blood sugar levels and lipid profile in patients with all types of diabetes. Furthermore, they reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular events and death linked to DM.

Recent findings: After evaluating the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antilipidemic, and antidiabetic mechanisms of omega-3 fatty acid supplements, as well as the results from randomized controlled studies, it is clear that these supplements have positive effects in both preventing and treating diabetes, as well as preventing and treating complications related to diabetes, specifically cardiovascular diseases. However, current evidence does not support the use of omega-3 supplementation in people with diabetes for the purpose of preventing or treating cardiovascular events. People with all types of diabetes are suggested to include fatty fish and foods high in omega-3 fatty acids in their diet twice a week, as is prescribed for the general population.

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欧米伽 3 多不饱和脂肪酸在糖尿病管理中的作用：叙述性综述。

审查目的：糖尿病（DM）是一组代谢性疾病，其特点是由于胰岛素的生成或功能异常导致血液中葡萄糖水平升高。医学营养疗法（MNT）是糖尿病治疗的重要组成部分。膳食脂肪对预防和治疗慢性疾病至关重要。奥米加-3 多不饱和脂肪酸对健康的有利影响已得到公认。它们有助于控制各类糖尿病患者的血糖水平和血脂状况。此外，它们还能减少与糖尿病相关的心血管事件和死亡的发生：在评估了欧米伽-3 脂肪酸补充剂的抗氧化、抗炎、抗血脂和抗糖尿病机制以及随机对照研究的结果后，很明显这些补充剂在预防和治疗糖尿病以及预防和治疗与糖尿病有关的并发症（特别是心血管疾病）方面都有积极作用。然而，目前的证据并不支持糖尿病患者为预防或治疗心血管事件而补充欧米伽-3。建议各类糖尿病患者按照普通人群的规定，每周两次在饮食中摄入肥鱼和富含欧米伽-3 脂肪酸的食物。

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来源期刊

Current Nutrition Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

2.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal aims to provide comprehensive review articles that emphasize significant developments in nutrition research emerging in recent publications. By presenting clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts, the journal intends to discuss the influence of nutrition on major health conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and obesity, as well as the impact of nutrition on genetics, metabolic function, and public health. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas across the field. Section Editors select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. We also provide commentaries from well-known figures in the field, and an Editorial Board of more than 25 internationally diverse members reviews the annual table of contents, suggests topics of special importance to their country/region, and ensures that topics and current and include emerging research.