A novel immunoassay technique using principal component analysis for enhanced detection of emerging viral variants†

IF 6.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS
Lab on a Chip Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI:10.1039/D4LC00505H
Josselyn Mata Calidonio, Arianna I. Maddox and Kimberly Hamad-Schifferli
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Rapid diagnostics are critical infectious disease tools that are designed to detect a known biomarker using antibodies specific to that biomarker. However, a way to detect unknown disease variants has not yet been achieved in a paper test format. We describe here a route to make an adaptable paper immunoassay that can detect an unknown biomarker, demonstrating it on SARS-CoV-2 variants. The immunoassay repurposes cross reactive antibodies raised against the alpha variant. Gold nanoparticles of two different colors conjugated to two different antibodies create a colorimetric signal, and machine learning of the resulting colorimetric pattern is used to train the assay to discriminate between variants of alpha and Omicron BA.5. By using principal component analysis, the colorimetric test patterns can pick up and discriminate an unknown variant that it has not encountered before, Omicron BA.1. The test has an accuracy of 100% and a potential calculated discriminatory power of 900. We show that it can be used adaptively and that it can be used to pick up emerging variants without the need to raise new antibodies.

Abstract Image

利用主成分分析的新型免疫测定技术加强对新出现病毒变种的检测
快速诊断仪是一种重要的传染病工具,其设计目的是利用针对已知生物标志物的特异性抗体来检测该生物标志物。然而,目前还没有一种检测未知疾病变异体的纸质检测方法。我们在此描述了一种可检测未知生物标志物的适应性纸质免疫测定方法,并在 SARS-CoV-2 变异体上进行了演示。该免疫测定法重新利用了针对阿尔法变体的交叉反应抗体。两种不同颜色的金纳米粒子与两种不同的抗体共轭,产生比色信号,对产生的比色模式进行机器学习,训练检测方法,以区分α和Omicron BA.5变体。通过使用主成分分析,比色测试模式可以识别和区分以前从未遇到过的未知变体,即 Omicron BA.1。该测试的准确率为 100%,潜在计算鉴别力为 900。我们的研究表明,它可以自适应地使用,而且可以在不需要培养新抗体的情况下发现新出现的变异体。
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来源期刊
Lab on a Chip
Lab on a Chip 工程技术-化学综合
CiteScore
11.10
自引率
8.20%
发文量
434
审稿时长
2.6 months
期刊介绍: Lab on a Chip is the premiere journal that publishes cutting-edge research in the field of miniaturization. By their very nature, microfluidic/nanofluidic/miniaturized systems are at the intersection of disciplines, spanning fundamental research to high-end application, which is reflected by the broad readership of the journal. Lab on a Chip publishes two types of papers on original research: full-length research papers and communications. Papers should demonstrate innovations, which can come from technical advancements or applications addressing pressing needs in globally important areas. The journal also publishes Comments, Reviews, and Perspectives.
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