A 90-Day Subchronic Exposure to Heated Tobacco Product Aerosol Caused Differences in Intestinal Inflammation and Microbiome Dysregulation in Rats.

IF 3 2区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Yushan Tian, Jiale Cheng, Yanan Yang, Hongjuan Wang, Yaning Fu, Xianmei Li, Wenming Wang, Shuhao Ma, Xiaoxiao Xu, Fengjun Lu, Pengxia Feng, Shulei Han, Huan Chen, Hongwei Hou, Qingyuan Hu, Chongming Wu
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Abstract

Introduction: Smoking is one of the most important predisposing factors of intestinal inflammatory diseases. Heated tobacco product (HTP) is a novel tobacco category that is claimed to deliver reduced chemicals to humans those reported in combustible cigarette smoke (CS). However, the effect of HTP on the intestine is still unknown.

Aims and methods: Our study aims to explore the potential effects of HTP on intestine. In the framework of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development guidelines 413 guidelines, Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to HTP aerosol and CS for 13 weeks. The atmosphere was characterized and oxidative stress and inflammation of the intestine were investigated after exposure. Furthermore, the feces we performed with 16S sequencing and metabolomics analysis.

Results: HTP aerosol and CS led to obvious intestinal damage evidenced by increased intestinal proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in male and female rats After HTP and CS exposure, the abundance that obviously changed were Lactobacillus and Turiciacter in male rats and Lactobacillus and Prevotella in female rats. HTP mainly induces the metabolism of amino acids and fatty acyls such as short-chain fatty acids and tryptophan, while CS is involved in the main metabolism of bile acids, especially indole and derivatives. Although different metabolic pathways in the gut are mediated by HTP and CS, both inflammation and oxidative stress were ultimately induced.

Conclusions: HTP aerosol and CS-induced intestinal damage are mediated by different gut microbiota and metabolites, while both lead to inflammation and oxidative stress.

Implications: The concentration of various harmful components in heated tobacco product aerosol is reported lower than that of traditional cigarette smoke, however, its health risk impact on consumers remains to be studied. Our research findings indicate that heated tobacco products and cigarette smoke inhalation induced intestinal damage through different metabolic pathways mediated by the gut microbiome, indicating the health risk of heated tobacco products in the intestine.

亚慢性接触加热烟草制品气溶胶 90 天会导致大鼠肠道炎症和微生物组失调。
简介吸烟是肠道炎症性疾病最重要的诱发因素之一。加热烟草制品(HTP)是一种新型烟草,据称可减少可燃卷烟烟雾(CS)中的化学物质对人体的影响。然而,加热烟草制品对肠道的影响尚不清楚:方法:在经济合作与发展组织准则 413 的框架内,将 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠暴露于 HTP 气溶胶和 CS 中 13 周。在暴露后,我们对大气环境进行了描述,并对氧化应激和肠道炎症进行了调查。此外,我们还对粪便进行了 16S 测序和代谢组学分析:结果:HTP气溶胶和CS导致了明显的肠道损伤,表现为雌雄大鼠肠道促炎细胞因子和氧化应激的增加。HTP 主要诱导氨基酸和短链脂肪酸、色氨酸等脂肪酰基的代谢,而 CS 则主要参与胆汁酸,尤其是吲哚及其衍生物的代谢。虽然 HTP 和 CS 在肠道中介导的代谢途径不同,但最终都会诱发炎症和氧化应激:结论:HTP 气溶胶和 CS 通过不同的肠道微生物群和代谢物诱导肠道损伤,而两者都会导致炎症和氧化应激:启示:据报道,加热烟草制品气溶胶中各种有害成分的浓度低于传统卷烟烟雾,但其对消费者健康风险的影响仍有待研究。我们的研究结果表明,吸入加热烟草制品和卷烟烟雾会通过肠道微生物组介导的不同代谢途径诱发肠道损伤,这表明加热烟草制品在肠道中存在健康风险。
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来源期刊
Nicotine & Tobacco Research
Nicotine & Tobacco Research 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
8.10
自引率
10.60%
发文量
268
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Nicotine & Tobacco Research is one of the world''s few peer-reviewed journals devoted exclusively to the study of nicotine and tobacco. It aims to provide a forum for empirical findings, critical reviews, and conceptual papers on the many aspects of nicotine and tobacco, including research from the biobehavioral, neurobiological, molecular biologic, epidemiological, prevention, and treatment arenas. Along with manuscripts from each of the areas mentioned above, the editors encourage submissions that are integrative in nature and that cross traditional disciplinary boundaries. The journal is sponsored by the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco (SRNT). It publishes twelve times a year.
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