Theoretical Studies on Off-Axis Phase Diagrams and Knight Shifts in UTe\(_2\): Tetra-Critical Point, d-Vector Rotation, and Multiple Phases

IF 1.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED
Kazushige Machida
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Abstract

Inspired by recent remarkable sets of experiments on UTe\(_2\): discoveries of the fourth horizontal internal transition line running toward a tetra-critical point (TCP) at H = 15 T, the off-axis high-field phases, and abnormally large Knight shift (KS) drop below \(T_\textrm{c}\) for \(H \parallel a\)-magnetic easy axis, we advance further our theoretical work on the field (H)-temperature (T) phase diagram for \(H \parallel b\)-magnetic hard axis which contains a positive sloped \(H_\textrm{c2}\) departing from TCP. A nonunitary spin-triplet pairing with three components explains these experimental facts simultaneously and consistently by assuming that the underlying normal electron system with a narrow bandwidth characteristic to the Kondo temperature \(\sim\)30 K unsurprisingly breaks the particle-hole symmetry. This causes a special invariant term in Ginzburg–Landau (GL) free energy functional which couples directly with the 5f magnetic system, giving rise to the \(T_\textrm{c}\) splitting and ultimately to the positive sloped \(H_\textrm{c2}\) and the horizontal internal transition line connected to TCP. The large KS drop can be understood in terms of this GL invariance whose coefficient is negative and leads to a diamagnetic response where the Cooper pair spin is antiparallel to the applied field direction. The present scenario also accounts for the observed d-vector rotation phenomena and off-axis phase diagrams with extremely high \(H_\textrm{c2}\) \(\gtrsim\)70 T found at angles in between the b- and c-axes and between the bc-plane and a-axis, making UTe\(_2\) a fertile playground for a possible topological superconductor.

Abstract Image

UTe_2$$中的离轴相图和奈特偏移的理论研究:四临界点、d-矢量旋转和多重相位
最近在UTe(_2)上进行的一系列引人注目的实验启发了我们:发现了第四条水平内部转变线在H = 15 T时向四临界点(TCP)运行、离轴高场相位以及异常大的\(T_\textrm{c}\)以下的\(H \parallel a\)-magnetic easy axis的Knight shift (KS)下降、我们进一步推进了关于(H)-温度(T)相图的理论工作,该相图适用于(H (平行于 b)-磁性硬轴,其中包含一个从 TCP 出发的正斜率 (H_textrm{c2}\)。具有三个分量的非单元自旋-三重配对可以同时、一致地解释这些实验事实,它假定具有窄带宽特征的底层正常电子系统在近藤温度((\sim\)30 K)下毫不奇怪地打破了粒子-空穴对称性。这导致金兹堡-朗道(GL)自由能函数中的一个特殊不变项直接与5f磁系耦合,产生了\(T_\textrm{c}\)分裂,并最终产生了正斜率\(H_\textrm{c2}\)和与TCP相连的水平内部过渡线。这种 GL 不变性的系数为负,导致了库珀对自旋与外加磁场方向反平行的双磁性响应,从而可以理解 KS 的大幅下降。目前的设想也解释了在b轴和c轴之间以及bc平面和a轴之间的角度上观察到的d-矢量旋转现象和具有极高\(H_textrm{c2}\) \(\gtrsim\)70 T的离轴相图,这使得UTe(_2)成为可能的拓扑超导体的肥沃乐园。
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来源期刊
Journal of Low Temperature Physics
Journal of Low Temperature Physics 物理-物理:凝聚态物理
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
25.00%
发文量
245
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Low Temperature Physics publishes original papers and review articles on all areas of low temperature physics and cryogenics, including theoretical and experimental contributions. Subject areas include: Quantum solids, liquids and gases; Superfluidity; Superconductivity; Condensed matter physics; Experimental techniques; The Journal encourages the submission of Rapid Communications and Special Issues.
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