Vertical non-uniform distribution of soil salinity enhances nitrogen utilization efficiency and influences δ15N distribution in tomato plants

IF 4.5 2区生物学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental and Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.105911

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Soil salinity typically exhibits non-uniform distribution in the natural environment. However, how vertically non-uniform distribution of soil salinity in the root zone (VNDSR) regulated plant nitrogen metabolism is still largely elusive. This study aimed to investigate the impact of VNDSR on leaf Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, upper and lower root activity, leaf Na⁺/Ca²⁺ and Na⁺/K⁺, various tomato organs’ nitrogen concentration (%) and natural abundance of nitrogen isotopes (δ¹⁵N,‰), and nitrogen utilization efficiency of tomato plants. Four treatments were established, including the upper layer of the root zone having soil salinity levels of 1 ‰, 1 ‰, 2 ‰, and 3 ‰, while the corresponding lower layer of the root zone had soil salinity levels of 1 ‰, 5 ‰, 4 ‰, and 3 ‰, respectively, denoted as T_1:1, T_1:5, T_2:4, and T_3:3. The results showed that under the same average soil salinity conditions and compared to the treatment with uniform soil salinity distribution in the root zone (T_3:3), the VNDSR treatment (T_1:5) significantly reduced leaf MDA content (p < 0.01), Na⁺/Ca²⁺ (p < 0.01) and Na⁺/K⁺ (p < 0.01), and stem δ¹⁵N values (p < 0.05). Moreover, the VNDSR treatment (T_1:5) significantly increased the ratio of upper and lower root biomass-weighted root activity (p < 0.01), tomato fruit yield (p < 0.01), and nitrogen partial factor productivity (PFP, gg⁻¹, p < 0.01) compared to uniform salt distribution treatment (T_3:3). There were significant positive correlations (p < 0.05) between leaf δ¹⁵N values and Nitrogen Absorption Ratio (NAR, %, p < 0.05) and PFP (p < 0.05), indicating that under VNDSR, δ¹⁵N values can serve as an indicator that comprehensively reflects the information of plant nitrogen utilization efficiency. In conclusion, the VNDSR could mitigate the damage of salt stress to tomatoes, enhance plant nitrogen uptake and utilization efficiency, and promote the growth and development of tomatoes.

Data Availability

The datasets generated or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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土壤盐度的垂直非均匀分布提高了番茄植株的氮利用效率并影响了 δ15N 分布

土壤盐度在自然环境中通常呈现非均匀分布。然而，根区土壤盐度的垂直非均匀分布（VNDSR）如何调节植物的氮代谢在很大程度上仍是一个未知数。本研究旨在探讨 VNDSR 对叶片丙二醛（MDA）含量、上下根系活性、叶片 Na+/Ca2+ 和 Na+/K+、番茄各器官氮浓度（%）和氮同位素（δ15N,‰）天然丰度以及番茄植株氮利用效率的影响。试验共设四个处理，其中根区上层土壤含盐量分别为 1‰、1‰、2‰和 3‰，相应的根区下层土壤含盐量分别为 1‰、5‰、4‰和 3‰，即 T1:1、T1:5、T2:4 和 T3:3。结果表明，在相同的平均土壤盐度条件下，与根区土壤盐度分布均匀的处理（T3:3）相比，VNDSR处理（T1:5）显著降低了叶片MDA含量（p < 0.01）、Na+/Ca2+（p < 0.01）和Na+/K+（p < 0.01）以及茎秆δ15N值（p < 0.05）。此外，与均匀配盐处理（T3:3）相比，VNDSR 处理（T1:5）显著提高了上下根生物量加权根活性比（p <0.01）、番茄果实产量（p <0.01）和氮部分因子生产力（PFP, gg-1, p <0.01）。叶片δ15N值与氮吸收比（NAR, %, p <0.05）和氮部分要素生产率（PFP, p <0.05）之间存在明显的正相关（p <0.05），表明在VNDSR条件下，δ15N值可作为全面反映植物氮利用效率信息的指标。总之，VNDSR 可减轻盐胁迫对番茄的危害，提高植株氮素吸收和利用效率，促进番茄的生长发育。

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来源期刊

Environmental and Experimental Botany 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

9.30

自引率

5.30%

发文量

342

审稿时长

26 days

期刊介绍： Environmental and Experimental Botany (EEB) publishes research papers on the physical, chemical, biological, molecular mechanisms and processes involved in the responses of plants to their environment. In addition to research papers, the journal includes review articles. Submission is in agreement with the Editors-in-Chief. The Journal also publishes special issues which are built by invited guest editors and are related to the main themes of EEB. The areas covered by the Journal include: (1) Responses of plants to heavy metals and pollutants (2) Plant/water interactions (salinity, drought, flooding) (3) Responses of plants to radiations ranging from UV-B to infrared (4) Plant/atmosphere relations (ozone, CO2 , temperature) (5) Global change impacts on plant ecophysiology (6) Biotic interactions involving environmental factors.