The Use of Russian Endoprostheses to Eliminate Defects of the Auricle: Experimental Analysis

Abstract

Summary. The purposes of the study are to improve the quality of life of patients with congenital atresia or amputation of the external ear. Materials and research methods. In the experiment, two closely related individuals of minipig (domestic dwarf pigs) of the Sus salvanius breed were used as a living biological model. Two minipigs were surgically treated in the operating room under sterile conditions using standard surgical instruments. The surgical phase of the experiment consisted of three stages. All surgical stages were performed under multicomponent total intravenous (IV) anesthesia in the presence of an anesthesiologist. The operations were performed by two surgical teams of 2 surgeons each. The following steps were completed within 120 days: collection of ear cartilage from individuals for isolation and cultivation of chondrocytes; implantation and prefabrication of bioengineered endoprostheses into the muscle sheaths of the parietal region; collection of grafts for histological analysis. All three surgical steps on both minipigs were identical and were performed synchronously. Research results and their analysis. Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions can be drawn: – the domestic endoprosthesis has shown its effectiveness and safety on a biological model; – further study of the proven methodology on a larger number of biological models is necessary; – taking into account the purity of Beta testing, the developed material must be tested in clinical studies; – the use of chondrocytes and cell engineering technologies makes it possible to create safe and effective endoprostheses to eliminate congenital atresia of the auricle.