Mapping geochemical domains using stream sediment geochemistry: An approach based on compositional indicators in the Volturno River basin (South Italy)

IF 3.4 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
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Abstract

When dealing with environmental problems, it is of fundamental importance to establish reference values (geochemical baselines) against which to determine the presence or absence of active contamination processes.

In the effort to develop a method to assess the geochemical baselines for territories featuring complex geological settings and a well-established anthropic environmental pressure, we combined compositional data analysis (CoDA) with geolithological information to reduce the degree of uncertainty possibly affecting the results. The proposed approach comprises (1) a knowledge-driven step to select a number of sample subsets from a geochemical dataset each with a high probability of having its composition strongly influenced by only one of the lithologies outcropping in the study area; (2) a data-driven step to compute compositional principal balances and define geochemical indicators to be used to assign each of the observations in the dataset to one of the geochemical domains associated to a mayor lithologies outcropping in the study area; (3) the determination for each geochemical domain of baseline values based on the samples assigned to them by the data-driven step.

The method was tested using the geochemical data referring to 887 stream sediment samples collected across the Volturno River catchment basin (Southern Italy), featuring a relevant lithological heterogeneity.

The results obtained were easily interpretable as they fitted well with the geomorphological, geochemical, and geodynamic processes characterizing the study area.

Despite the use of stream sediments for the specific case study presented, the application principles of the method hold for any environmental media and for any territory for which there is a need to define baseline values. However, for a successful application of the method, it is crucial to have a fair knowledge of the geological settings of the study area.

利用溪流沉积物地球化学绘制地球化学区域图:基于沃尔图诺河流域(南意大利)成分指标的方法
在处理环境问题时,确定参考值(地球化学基线)至关重要,可以据此确定是否存在活跃的污染过程。为了开发一种方法来评估具有复杂地质环境和既定人类环境压力的地区的地球化学基线,我们将成分数据分析(CoDA)与岩土信息相结合,以降低可能影响结果的不确定性程度。所提出的方法包括:(1) 知识驱动步骤,从地球化学数据集中选择若干样本子集,每个子集的成分很有可能只受研究区域出露的一种岩性的强烈影响;(2) 数据驱动步骤,计算成分主平衡并确定地球化学指标,用于将数据集中的每个观测值分配到与研究区出露岩性相关的地球化学域之一; (3) 根据数据驱动步骤分配到的样本,确定每个地球化学域的基准值。该方法使用了在沃尔图诺河流域(意大利南部)收集的 887 个溪流沉积物样本的地球化学数据进行了测试,这些样本具有相关的岩性异质性。尽管所介绍的具体案例研究使用的是溪流沉积物,但该方法的应用原则适用于任何环境介质和任何需要确定基准值的区域。不过,要成功应用该方法,关键是要对研究区域的地质环境有相当的了解。
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来源期刊
Journal of Geochemical Exploration
Journal of Geochemical Exploration 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
7.70%
发文量
148
审稿时长
8.1 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Geochemical Exploration is mostly dedicated to publication of original studies in exploration and environmental geochemistry and related topics. Contributions considered of prevalent interest for the journal include researches based on the application of innovative methods to: define the genesis and the evolution of mineral deposits including transfer of elements in large-scale mineralized areas. analyze complex systems at the boundaries between bio-geochemistry, metal transport and mineral accumulation. evaluate effects of historical mining activities on the surface environment. trace pollutant sources and define their fate and transport models in the near-surface and surface environments involving solid, fluid and aerial matrices. assess and quantify natural and technogenic radioactivity in the environment. determine geochemical anomalies and set baseline reference values using compositional data analysis, multivariate statistics and geo-spatial analysis. assess the impacts of anthropogenic contamination on ecosystems and human health at local and regional scale to prioritize and classify risks through deterministic and stochastic approaches. Papers dedicated to the presentation of newly developed methods in analytical geochemistry to be applied in the field or in laboratory are also within the topics of interest for the journal.
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