The Productivity of Sareptsky Mustard Depends on the Sowing Rate and the Level of Biologization of the Crop Growing Technology

IF 16.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Oleksandr Zhuykov, S. Lavrenko, Tatyana Khodos, Viacheslav Ursal
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The limiting factors for the popularization of Sarepta mustard in Ukraine are the lack of developed and ecologically adapted zonal technologies for its cultivation, certain dogmatism and stereotypes of the majority of agricultural pro - ducers regarding the economic feasibility of introducing Sarepta mustard in crop rotations, as well as bias regarding the effectiveness of biologic elements in the production technologies of plant raw materials. A field experiment was conducted to improve the technology of growing Sarepta mustard. The experiment scheme included the following factors and their variants: Factor A (culture cultivation technology) was represented by variants of the traditional zonal mustard cultivation technology; biologized technology (rejection of mineral fertilizers and their replacement with organic preparations) and organic (replacement of mineral fertilizers and synthetic pesticides with organic preparations). Factor B represented different rates of crop sowing (from 2.0 to 3.0 million pieces of similar seeds per 1 ha with an interval of 0.5 million). The Prima mustard variety was sown in the experiment. Plots in the experiment were placed using the method of split plots with partial randomization. An increase in the crop sowing rate from 2.0 to 3.0 million units/ha leads to a deterioration in the value of most biometric indicators (plant height, leafiness) and all indicators of the crop structure. However, taking into account the discrete nature of the real number of plants preserved in the agrocenosis at the time of the study, the values of such indicators as the area of the assimilation apparatus and the leaf index, as well as the yield of conditioned seeds of the culture, had a curvilinear relationship: with an increase in the sowing rate from 2.0 to 2.5 million pcs./ha grew, and subsequently decreased. The norm of 2.5 million seeds per hectare is recognized as the most optimal seeding rate for all variants of cultivation technology. Also, the study noted a significant advantage of the biological and organic technology of Sarepta mustard cultivation over the traditional intensive one in terms of both biometric and structural indicators, as well as the level of yield of conditioned seeds and its quality indicators, first of all, the content of raw fat in the seeds.
萨雷普茨基芥菜的产量取决于播种率和作物种植技术的生物化水平
在乌克兰推广沙雷帕芥属植物的限制因素包括:缺乏发达的、生态适应性强的分区种植技术,大多数农业生产者对在轮作中引入沙雷帕芥属植物的经济可行性存在教条主义和陈旧观念,以及对植物原料生产技术中生物元素的有效性存在偏见。为改进沙雷帕芥的种植技术,我们进行了一项田间试验。实验方案包括以下因素及其变体:因素 A(栽培技术)包括传统的带状芥菜栽培技术、生物技术(摒弃矿物肥料并用有机制剂替代)和有机技术(用有机制剂替代矿物肥料和合成杀虫剂)。因子 B 代表不同的作物播种率(每 1 公顷 200 万至 300 万粒同类种子,间隔为 50 万粒)。实验中播种的是 Prima 芥菜品种。试验中的小区采用部分随机化的分小区方法。作物播种量从 200 万单位/公顷增加到 300 万单位/公顷,会导致大部分生物计量指标(株高、叶茂)和作物结构的所有指标值下降。不过,考虑到研究时农业杂交种实际保存植株数量的离散性,同化装置面积和叶片指数等指标值以及培养物的条件种子产量呈曲线关系:随着播种量从 200 万粒/公顷增加到 250 万粒/公顷,这些指标值有所增长,随后又有所下降。每公顷 250 万粒种子的标准被认为是各种栽培技术的最佳播种率。此外,研究还指出,在生物计量和结构指标方面,以及在调制种子的产量水平及其质量指标(首先是种子中的原始脂肪含量)方面,萨雷帕芥的生物和有机栽培技术比传统的集约栽培技术具有显著优势。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Accounts of Chemical Research
Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
31.40
自引率
1.10%
发文量
312
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
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