Sex-Differences in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency: Data From the EARCO Registry

IF 8.7 3区医学 Q1 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Archivos De Bronconeumologia Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.arbres.2024.06.019

Hilal Ersöz , María Torres-Durán , Alice M. Turner , Hanan Tanash , Carlota Rodríguez García , Angelo Guido Corsico , José Luis López-Campos , Marc Miravitlles , Christian F. Clarenbach , Kenneth R. Chapman , José M. Hernández Pérez , Catarina Guimarães , Eva Bartošovská , Timm Greulich , Miriam Barrecheguren , Andreas Rembert Koczulla , Philipp Höger , Arturo Olivares Rivera , Felix Herth , Franziska C. Trudzinski

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Sex and gender influence many aspects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Limited data are available on this topic in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD). We therefore aimed to investigate sex issues in the EARCO registry, a prospective, international, observational cohort study.

Methods

Baseline data from PiZZ individuals, enrolled in the registry with complete data on sex and smoking history were analysed by group comparisons and binary logistic regression analyses.

Results

1283 patients with AATD, 49.3% women were analysed. Females reported less tobacco consumption (16.8 ± 12.2 vs. 19.6 ± 14.5 PY, p = 0.006), occupational exposures towards gases, dusts or asbestos (p < 0.005 each) and consumed less alcohol (5.5 ± 7.6 vs. 8.4 ± 10.3 u/week, p < 0.001). Females reported COPD (41% vs. 57%, p < 0.001) and liver disease (11% vs. 20%, p < 0.001) less often. However, they had a higher prevalence of bronchiectasis (24% vs. 13%, p < 0.001). Despite better lung function (FEV₁%pred. 73.6 ± 29.9 vs. 62.7 ± 29.5, p < 0.001) females reported a similar symptom burden (CAT 13.4 ± 9.5 vs. 12.5 ± 8.9, p = ns) and exacerbation frequency (at least one in the previous year 30% vs. 26%, p = ns) compared to males. In multivariate analyses, female sex was an independent risk factor for exacerbations in the previous year OR 1.6 p = 0.001 in addition to smoking history, COPD, asthma and bronchiectasis and was also identified as risk factors for symptom burden (CAT ≥ 10) OR 1.4 p = 0.014 besides age, BMI, COPD and smoking history.

Conclusion

Men had higher rates of COPD and liver disease, women were more likely to have bronchiectasis. Women's higher symptom burden and exacerbation frequency suggest they may need tailored treatment approaches.

Abstract Image

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α-1抗胰蛋白酶缺乏症的性别差异：来自 EARCO 登记处的数据

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来源期刊

Archivos De Bronconeumologia Medicine-Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

17.50%

发文量

330

审稿时长

14 days

期刊介绍： Archivos de Bronconeumologia is a scientific journal that specializes in publishing prospective original research articles focusing on various aspects of respiratory diseases, including epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical practice, surgery, and basic investigation. Additionally, the journal features other types of articles such as reviews, editorials, special articles of interest to the society and editorial board, scientific letters, letters to the editor, and clinical images. Published monthly, the journal comprises 12 regular issues along with occasional supplements containing articles from different sections. All manuscripts submitted to the journal undergo rigorous evaluation by the editors and are subjected to expert peer review. The editorial team, led by the Editor and/or an Associate Editor, manages the peer-review process. Archivos de Bronconeumologia is published monthly in English, facilitating broad dissemination of the latest research findings in the field.