Impact of omega-3 supplementation on serum leptin levels: A systematic review and meta-analysis

IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI:10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100401

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Abstract

Background

Omega-3 fatty acids have gained attention for their potential impact on appetite regulation and energy balance. Research suggests that omega-3 supplementation may influence leptin production and sensitivity, potentially affecting body weight and metabolic health. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to assess the effect of omega-3 supplementation on serum leptin levels.

Methods

A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted up to March 2024 in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to find suitable randomized clinical trials (RCTs). The selected trials were subjected to heterogeneity tests using the I² statistic. Random effects models were examined based on the heterogeneity tests, and the pooled data were calculated as weighted mean differences (WMD) with a 95 % confidence interval (CI).

Results

Of the 357 papers, 25 eligible RCTs (with 29 treatment arms) were included in the present meta-analysis. Our findings indicated that omega-3 supplementation failed to change serum leptin levels significantly (WMD: −0.38 ng/mL; 95 %CI: −1.96–1.19; P =0.63). However, significant heterogeneity was detected among the included studies (I² = 85.6 %, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

This meta-analysis revealed that omega-3 supplementation had no significant impact on circulating leptin levels. However, it seems that omega-3 supplementation with a dosage of more than 2 g/day may significantly reduce serum leptin levels.

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补充欧米茄-3 对血清瘦素水平的影响：系统回顾和元分析

背景欧米伽-3 脂肪酸对食欲调节和能量平衡的潜在影响已引起人们的关注。研究表明，补充欧米伽-3可能会影响瘦素的产生和敏感性，从而可能影响体重和代谢健康。因此，本荟萃分析旨在评估补充欧米伽-3对血清瘦素水平的影响。方法在PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science中对截至2024年3月的文献进行了全面检索，以找到合适的随机临床试验（RCT）。利用 I² 统计量对所选试验进行异质性检验。结果在 357 篇论文中，有 25 项符合条件的 RCT（共有 29 个治疗臂）被纳入本荟萃分析。我们的研究结果表明，补充欧米伽-3未能显著改变血清瘦素水平（WMD：-0.38 ng/mL；95 %CI：-1.96-1.19；P =0.63）。结论这项荟萃分析表明，补充欧米伽-3对循环瘦素水平没有明显影响。然而，每天补充 2 克以上的欧米伽-3 可能会显著降低血清瘦素水平。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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