Jun Liu , Gary Wong , Hui Li , Yan Yang , Yuxi Cao , Yongfeng Li , Yan Wu , Zijie Zhang , Cong Jin , Xi Wang , Yongwen Chen , Bin Su , Zhongfang Wang , Qihui Wang , Yunlong Cao , Guobing Chen , Zhaohui Qian , Jincun Zhao , Guizhen Wu
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Biosafety hazards can trigger a host immune response after infection, invasion, or contact with the host. Whether infection with a microorganism results in disease or biosafety concerns depends to a large extent on the immune status of the population. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the immunological characteristics of the host and the mechanisms of biological threats and agents to protect the host more effectively. Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, such as the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, have raised concerns regarding both biosafety and immunology worldwide. Interdisciplinary studies involved in biosafety and immunology are relevant in many fields, including the development of vaccines and other immune interventions such as monoclonal antibodies and T-cells, herd immunity (or population-level barrier immunity), immunopathology, and multispecies immunity, i.e., animals and even plants. Meanwhile, advances in immunological science and technology are occurring rapidly, resulting in important research achievements that may contribute to the recognition of emerging biosafety hazards, as well as early warning, prevention, and defense systems. This review provides an overview of the interdisciplinary field of biosafety and immunology. Close collaboration and innovative application of immunology in the field of biosafety is becoming essential for human health.
生物安全危害在感染、入侵或接触宿主后会引发宿主免疫反应。感染微生物是否会导致疾病或生物安全问题,在很大程度上取决于人群的免疫状况。因此,必须研究宿主的免疫学特征以及生物威胁和生物制剂的机制,以便更有效地保护宿主。新出现和再次出现的传染病,如目前的 2019 年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行,引起了全世界对生物安全和免疫学的关注。生物安全和免疫学所涉及的跨学科研究与许多领域息息相关,包括疫苗和其他免疫干预措施(如单克隆抗体和 T 细胞)的开发、群体免疫(或种群屏障免疫)、免疫病理学以及多物种免疫(即动物甚至植物)。与此同时,免疫学科学和技术也在迅速发展,取得了重要的研究成果,这些成果可能有助于识别新出现的生物安全危害,并有助于建立早期预警、预防和防御系统。本综述概述了生物安全与免疫学这一跨学科领域。免疫学在生物安全领域的密切合作和创新应用对人类健康至关重要。