Gaze alternation predicts inclusive next-speaker selection: evidence from eyetracking

IF 16.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Christoph Rühlemann
{"title":"Gaze alternation predicts inclusive next-speaker selection: evidence from eyetracking","authors":"Christoph Rühlemann","doi":"10.3389/fcomm.2024.1396925","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Next-speaker selection refers to the practices conversationalists rely on to designate who should speak next. Speakers have various methods available to them to select a next speaker. Certain actions, however, systematically co-select more than one particular participant to respond. These actions include asking “open-floor” questions, which are addressed to more than one recipient and that more than one recipient are eligible to answer. Here, next-speaker selection is inclusive. How are these questions multimodally designed? How does their multimodal design differ from the design of “closed-floor” questions, in which just one participant is selected as next speaker and where next-speaker selection is exclusive? Based on eyetracking data collected in naturalistic conversation, this study demonstrates that unlike closed-floor questions, open-floor questions can be predicted based on the speaker’s gaze alternation during the question. The discussion highlights cases of gaze alternation in open-floor questions and exhaustively explores deviant cases in closed-floor questions. It also addresses the functional relation of gaze alternation and gaze selection, arguing that the two selection techniques may collide, creating disorderly turntaking due to a fundamental change in participation framework from focally dyadic to inclusive. Data are in British and American English.","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":" 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Accounts of Chemical Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2024.1396925","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Next-speaker selection refers to the practices conversationalists rely on to designate who should speak next. Speakers have various methods available to them to select a next speaker. Certain actions, however, systematically co-select more than one particular participant to respond. These actions include asking “open-floor” questions, which are addressed to more than one recipient and that more than one recipient are eligible to answer. Here, next-speaker selection is inclusive. How are these questions multimodally designed? How does their multimodal design differ from the design of “closed-floor” questions, in which just one participant is selected as next speaker and where next-speaker selection is exclusive? Based on eyetracking data collected in naturalistic conversation, this study demonstrates that unlike closed-floor questions, open-floor questions can be predicted based on the speaker’s gaze alternation during the question. The discussion highlights cases of gaze alternation in open-floor questions and exhaustively explores deviant cases in closed-floor questions. It also addresses the functional relation of gaze alternation and gaze selection, arguing that the two selection techniques may collide, creating disorderly turntaking due to a fundamental change in participation framework from focally dyadic to inclusive. Data are in British and American English.
目光交替可预测包容性的下一位发言人选择:来自眼动跟踪的证据
下一位发言者的选择是指对话者指定下一位发言者的做法。发言者有各种方法来选择下一位发言者。然而,某些行为会系统地共同选择不止一位特定与会者进行回应。这些行动包括提出 "开放式 "问题,这些问题是向不止一个人提出的,而且不止一个人有资格回答。在这里,下一位发言者的选择是包容性的。这些问题是如何进行多模式设计的?它们的多模态设计与 "封闭式 "问题的设计有何不同?"封闭式 "问题只选择一位参与者作为下一位发言者,下一位发言者的选择是排他性的。根据在自然会话中收集到的眼动跟踪数据,本研究证明,与封闭式提问不同,开放式提问可以根据发言者在提问过程中的目光交替来预测。研究重点讨论了开放式提问中的目光交替情况,并详尽探讨了封闭式提问中的偏差情况。文章还探讨了目光交替和目光选择的功能关系,认为这两种选择技巧可能会发生碰撞,从而造成无序的转折,因为参与框架发生了根本性的变化,从以二元对立为中心转向了以包容性为中心。数据采用英式英语和美式英语。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Accounts of Chemical Research
Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
31.40
自引率
1.10%
发文量
312
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信