Dynamic SNR, Spectral Efficiency, and Rate Characterization in 5G/6G mmWave/sub-THz Systems with Macro- and Micro-Mobilities

Future Internet Pub Date : 2024-07-06 DOI:10.3390/fi16070240
Darya Y. Ostrikova, Elizaveta Golos, V. Beschastnyi, Egor Machnev, Yuliya V. Gaidamaka, Konstantin E. Samouylov
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Abstract

The performance of 5G/6G cellular systems operating in millimeter wave (mmWave, 30–100 GHz) and sub-terahertz (sub-THz, 100–300 GHz) bands is conventionally assessed by utilizing the static distributions of user locations. The rationale is that the use of the beam tracking procedure allows for keeping the beams of a base station (BS) and user equipment (UE) aligned at all times. However, by introducing 3GPP Reduced Capability (RedCap) UEs utilizing the Radio Resource Management (RRM) Relaxation procedure, this may no longer be the case, as UEs are allowed to skip synchronization signal blocks (SSB) to improve energy efficiency. Thus, to characterize the performance of such UEs, methods explicitly accounting for UE mobility are needed. In this paper, we will utilize the tools of the stochastic geometry and random walk theory to derive signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), spectral efficiency, and rate as an explicit function of time by accounting for mmWave/sub-THZ specifics, including realistic directional antenna radiation patterns and micro- and macro-mobilities causing dynamic antenna misalignment. Different from other studies in the field that consider time-averaged performance measures, these metrics are obtained as an explicit function of time. Our numerical results illustrate that the macro-mobility specifies the overall trend of the time-dependent spectral efficiency, while local dynamics at 1–3 s scales are mainly governed by micro-mobility. The difference between spectral efficiency corresponding to perfectly synchronized UE and BS antennas and time-dependent spectral efficiency in a completely desynchronized system is rather negligible for realistic cell coverages and stays within approximately 5–10% for a wide range of system parameters. These conclusions are not affected by the utilized antenna array at the BS side. However, accounting for realistic radiation patterns is critical for a time-dependent performance analysis of 5G/6G mmWave/sub-THz systems.
具有宏观和微观功能的 5G/6G 毫米波/次 THz 系统中的动态 SNR、频谱效率和速率特性分析
在毫米波(mmWave,30-100 GHz)和亚太赫兹(sub-THz,100-300 GHz)频段运行的 5G/6G 蜂窝系统的性能,通常是通过利用用户位置的静态分布来评估的。其原理是,使用波束跟踪程序可使基站(BS)和用户设备(UE)的波束始终保持对齐。然而,通过引入使用无线资源管理(RRM)放松程序的 3GPP 小容量(RedCap)UE,情况可能不再如此,因为允许 UE 跳过同步信号块(SSB)以提高能效。因此,要鉴定这类 UE 的性能,需要明确考虑 UE 移动性的方法。在本文中,我们将利用随机几何和随机漫步理论的工具,通过考虑毫米波/亚高频的具体情况,包括现实的定向天线辐射模式以及导致动态天线错位的微观和宏观移动性,得出信噪比(SNR)、频谱效率和速率作为时间的显式函数。与该领域其他考虑时间平均性能指标的研究不同,这些指标是作为时间的明确函数获得的。我们的数值结果表明,宏观移动性决定了随时间变化的频谱效率的整体趋势,而 1-3 秒尺度的局部动态主要受微观移动性的影响。完全同步的 UE 和 BS 天线对应的频谱效率与完全非同步系统中随时间变化的频谱效率之间的差异,在现实的小区覆盖范围内可以忽略不计,并且在广泛的系统参数范围内保持在大约 5-10% 的范围内。这些结论不受 BS 侧使用的天线阵列的影响。然而,考虑现实的辐射模式对于 5G/6G 毫米波/亚太赫兹系统随时间变化的性能分析至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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