Mathematical-model Analysis of the Potential Exposure to Lead, Zinc and Iron Emissions from Consumption of Premium Motor Spirit in Nigeria

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI:10.3311/ppch.24036

F. Elehinafe, Orirome O. Orupete, Hassan A. Adisa, O. L. Lasebikan

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Abstract

Environmental pollution has been on the increase due to emission from vehicles using fossil fuels. This research investigated the exposure of air, soil and water bodies to trace metal emissions: Pb, Zn and Fe, as a result of the consumption of premium motor spirit (PMS) in Nigeria. The exposure of air, soil, and water bodies to these emissions also lead to exposure of humans, food and animals to the emissions. This was done to estimate the emission rates, emission rate per capita, and emission rates per land areas (or land distribution). The results showed that: the annual emission rates ranged between 4.66 kg/y for Pb in 2012 in Jigawa State and 5.050∙103 kg/y for Fe in 2015 in Lagos State; the emission rates per capita ranged between 0.52∙10−6 kg/(y∙person) for Pb in 2012 in Kwara State and 2.33∙10−3 kg/(y∙person) and this was recorded in Lagos State in the year 2015; while the rate per land area ranged between 0.093∙10−3 kg/(y∙km2) for Pb in 2012 in Taraba State and 1.38 kg/(y∙km2) for Fe in 2015 in Lagos State. Results showed that residents of Lagos are at the highest risk of trace metal poisoning because they had the highest emission rates per capita, followed by Abuja, Osun, and Ogun. The states at the lowest risk are Yobe and Taraba, with Yobe as the lowest. It is recommended that regulations concerning the trace metal contents of fuels imported and distributed in Nigeria should be created and implemented to curb these risks.

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尼日利亚消费高级汽车烈性酒可能导致的铅、锌和铁排放的数学模型分析

使用化石燃料的车辆排放的废气导致环境污染日益严重。本研究调查了空气、土壤和水体暴露于痕量金属排放的情况：铅、锌和铁。空气、土壤和水体暴露于这些排放物也会导致人类、食物和动物暴露于这些排放物。为此，我们估算了排放率、人均排放率和每块土地（或土地分布）的排放率。结果表明：2012 年，吉加瓦州的铅年排放率为 4.66 千克/年，2015 年，拉各斯州的铁年排放率为 5.050∙103 千克/年；2012 年，夸拉州的铅人均排放率为 0.52∙10-6 千克/（y∙person），2015 年，拉各斯州的铅人均排放率为 2.33∙10-3 千克/（y∙person）。塔拉巴州2012年的人均铅排放率为0.093∙10-3 kg/（y∙km2），拉各斯州2015年的人均铁排放率为1.38 kg/（y∙km2）。结果显示，拉各斯居民痕量金属中毒的风险最高，因为他们的人均排放率最高，其次是阿布贾、奥孙和奥贡。风险最低的州是约贝州和塔拉巴州，其中约贝州的风险最低。建议制定并实施有关尼日利亚进口和销售的燃料中微量金属含量的法规，以遏制这些风险。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.