The Efficiency of an Advanced Hybrid Closed Insulin Pump in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes for Improved Blood Glucose Control

Abstract

Background Diabetes technology, especially advanced hybrid closed-loop (AHCL) systems, is rapidly advancing, offering improved glycemic control, reduced hypoglycemia, and reduced treatment burden for patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficiency of an AHCL system—the Medtronic MiniMed 780G insulin pump combined with continuous glucose monitoring—among individuals with T1D in real-world clinical settings. Methods In an observational retrospective study, we identified a cohort of 41 patients (mean age, 47.1 ± 13.7 years; T1D duration, 23.6 ± 13 years; 73.2% female) previously using an insulin pump or those on multiple daily insulin injections, currently using the AHCL system for at least 6 months. Primary outcomes were the changes of the following parameters, before AHCL initiation and at 6 months after treatment; (1) time in range (TIR): time with glucose levels in the range of 70 to 180 mg/dL, (2) time below range (TBR): time with glucose levels below 70 mg/dL, and (3) time above range (TAR): time with glucose levels above 180 mg/dL. Results Data analysis from 41 patients showed a significant 16.5% ± 13.8% increase in TIR (from 56.6 ± 17.9 to 73.1 ± 10.6%, p < 0.001). Both TBR and TAR decreased by 2.9 ± 4.8% (p = 0.004) and 13.6 ± 16.4% (p < 0.001), respectively. Mean glucose concentration, coefficient of variation, and glucose management indicator significantly improved. Conclusion The AHCL system effectively improved glucose control regarding TIR, TBR, and TAR. Enhanced glycemic control metrics highlight the potential for wider adoption of AHCL technology.