Epidemiology of Polytrauma at a Teaching Hospital in Northern Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

International Journal of Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI:10.1155/2024/4131822

Anwar Sadat Seidu, Abdul Rauf Alhassan, Alexis Dun Bo-ib Buunaaim

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background. Polytrauma refers to multiple life-threatening injuries to more than 2 bodily regions with some significant physiologic derangement. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological profile of polytrauma and outline the distribution of extremity fractures among cases in Northern Ghana. Methods. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Accident and Emergency Department of Tamale Teaching Hospital. Data were extracted using a data collection tool onto MS Excel, cleaned, and exported onto SPSS version 26 for analysis. Descriptive statistics was used to present data in tables and charts. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess whether there was a significant difference in the mean ISS and mean length of stay of the direct causes of death. Results. About 186 out of 5413 attendants to the emergency department were polytrauma, period prevalence of 3.4%. The male-to-female ratio was 1.9 : 1. Young adults (21–40 years) contributed 64% of the participants. The mean age of participants was 32.9 ± 15.4 years, and the mean ISS was 40.6 ± 13.1. Road traffic accidents (68.8%) were the most common cause of polytrauma. The mortality was 33.0%. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) was the most common direct cause of mortality (54.1%). There was a significant mean difference (MD) in the length of stay between multiple organ failure (MOF) and TBI (MD = 3.169, 95% C.I. = 0.48–5.86) and between MOF and hemorrhage (MD = 6.212, 95% C.I. = 2.62–9.80). Most fractures were closed (75.3%) and affected the lower limbs (61.5%). Open reduction and internal fixation were the most common surgery for extremity fractures. Conclusion. We recommend a concerted multidisciplinary policy framework geared towards promoting road safety and reducing accidents in Ghana. We also recommend a tailored robust treatment algorithm for managing traumatic brain injury in our settings to reduce mortality thereof.

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加纳北部一家教学医院的多发性创伤流行病学：横断面研究

背景。多发性创伤是指身体两个以上部位受到多处危及生命的损伤，并伴有一些明显的生理失调。它是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因。本研究旨在评估多发性创伤的流行病学概况，并概述加纳北部病例中四肢骨折的分布情况。研究方法在塔马利教学医院急诊科进行了一项回顾性横断面研究。使用数据收集工具将数据提取到 MS Excel 中，经过清理后导出到 SPSS 26 版本中进行分析。使用描述性统计以表格和图表的形式呈现数据。方差分析（ANOVA）用于评估直接死亡原因的平均 ISS 和平均住院时间是否存在显著差异。结果在急诊科 5413 名就诊者中，约有 186 人患有多发性创伤，发病率为 3.4%。男女比例为 1.9 ：1.其中青壮年（21-40 岁）占 64%。参与者的平均年龄为（32.9 ± 15.4）岁，平均体征（40.6 ± 13.1）。道路交通事故（68.8%）是造成多发性创伤的最常见原因。死亡率为 33.0%。创伤性脑损伤（TBI）是最常见的直接致死原因（54.1%）。多器官功能衰竭（MOF）与创伤性脑损伤（TBI）之间的住院时间平均值（MD）有明显差异（MD = 3.169，95% C.I. = 0.48-5.86），多器官功能衰竭与出血之间的住院时间平均值（MD = 6.212，95% C.I. = 2.62-9.80）也有明显差异。大多数骨折为闭合性骨折（75.3%），受累部位为下肢（61.5%）。四肢骨折最常见的手术是切开复位和内固定。结论我们建议制定协调一致的多学科政策框架，以促进加纳的道路安全并减少交通事故。我们还建议在我们的环境中采用量身定制的稳健治疗算法来处理创伤性脑损伤，以降低死亡率。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Clinical Practice 医学-医学：内科

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

274

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： IJCP is a general medical journal. IJCP gives special priority to work that has international appeal. IJCP publishes: Editorials. IJCP Editorials are commissioned. [Peer reviewed at the editor''s discretion] Perspectives. Most IJCP Perspectives are commissioned. Example. [Peer reviewed at the editor''s discretion] Study design and interpretation. Example. [Always peer reviewed] Original data from clinical investigations. In particular: Primary research papers from RCTs, observational studies, epidemiological studies; pre-specified sub-analyses; pooled analyses. [Always peer reviewed] Meta-analyses. [Always peer reviewed] Systematic reviews. From October 2009, special priority will be given to systematic reviews. [Always peer reviewed] Non-systematic/narrative reviews. From October 2009, reviews that are not systematic will be considered only if they include a discrete Methods section that must explicitly describe the authors'' approach. Special priority will, however, be given to systematic reviews. [Always peer reviewed] ''How to…'' papers. Example. [Always peer reviewed] Consensus statements. [Always peer reviewed] Short reports. [Always peer reviewed] Letters. [Peer reviewed at the editor''s discretion] International scope IJCP publishes work from investigators globally. Around 30% of IJCP articles list an author from the UK. Around 30% of IJCP articles list an author from the USA or Canada. Around 45% of IJCP articles list an author from a European country that is not the UK. Around 15% of articles published in IJCP list an author from a country in the Asia-Pacific region.