The effect of parental age on the quantity and quality of offspring in Syngnathus typhle, a species with male pregnancy

IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q1 EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
Freya Adele Pappert, Daniel Kolbe, Arseny Dubin, Olivia Roth
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Abstract

Parental age impacts offspring quantity and quality. Most prior research focused on maternal age. Since in most organisms the mother produces the costly eggs plus provides all or most parental care, it is difficult to distinguish maternal effects mediated via the egg from later maternal care. Here, we addressed the effects of parental age on offspring in Syngnathus typhle, a pipefish with male pregnancy. The divide between one parent producing the eggs and the second parent being the exclusive provider of parental care facilitates a distinction between the effects of parental age on egg quality versus parental age on early development. We fully reciprocally crossed young and old mothers and young and old fathers and assessed impact of parental age combination on offspring number, offspring size, and offspring gene expression patterns. Neither parental combination significantly influenced offspring size or male gestation duration; however, they influenced the number of offspring. Paternal, but not maternal, age strongly affected the offspring gene expression. Offspring from old fathers exhibited substantial changes in the expression of genes related to cell cycle regulation, protein synthesis, DNA repair, and neurogenesis. Our findings thus highlight the importance of gestation, as opposed to gamete production, in shaping the parental contribution to offspring development.

Abstract Image

父母年龄对雄性妊娠物种斑腿龙(Syngnathus typhle)后代数量和质量的影响
父母年龄影响后代的数量和质量。以前的研究大多集中在母体年龄上。由于在大多数生物中,母体会生产成本高昂的卵子,并提供全部或大部分的亲代照料,因此很难将通过卵子介导的母性效应与后期的母性照料区分开来。在这里,我们研究了雄性琵琶鱼(Syngnathus typhle)的亲代年龄对后代的影响。亲鱼一方生产卵子,另一方专门提供亲鱼照料,这种分工有助于区分亲鱼年龄对卵子质量的影响和亲鱼年龄对早期发育的影响。我们对年轻和年老的母亲以及年轻和年老的父亲进行了完全互交,并评估了亲本年龄组合对后代数量、后代大小和后代基因表达模式的影响。亲本组合对后代大小和雄性妊娠期均无明显影响,但对后代数量有影响。父代(而非母代)的年龄对后代基因表达有很大影响。高龄父亲的后代在细胞周期调控、蛋白质合成、DNA修复和神经发生相关基因的表达方面发生了很大变化。因此,我们的研究结果凸显了妊娠期(而非配子的产生)在影响父母对后代发育的贡献方面的重要性。
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来源期刊
Evolutionary Applications
Evolutionary Applications 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
7.30%
发文量
175
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Evolutionary Applications is a fully peer reviewed open access journal. It publishes papers that utilize concepts from evolutionary biology to address biological questions of health, social and economic relevance. Papers are expected to employ evolutionary concepts or methods to make contributions to areas such as (but not limited to): medicine, agriculture, forestry, exploitation and management (fisheries and wildlife), aquaculture, conservation biology, environmental sciences (including climate change and invasion biology), microbiology, and toxicology. All taxonomic groups are covered from microbes, fungi, plants and animals. In order to better serve the community, we also now strongly encourage submissions of papers making use of modern molecular and genetic methods (population and functional genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenetics, quantitative genetics, association and linkage mapping) to address important questions in any of these disciplines and in an applied evolutionary framework. Theoretical, empirical, synthesis or perspective papers are welcome.
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